Capitulo 9 10 grammar Flashcards

1
Q

more…than

A

más….que

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2
Q

less…than

A

menos…que

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3
Q

as…as

A

tan…como

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4
Q

as much…as

as many….as

A

tanto/a/os/as…como

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5
Q

the most….

A

el, la, los, las más…de

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6
Q

the least…

A

el, la, los, las menos…de

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7
Q
My Spanish class is good.
My Spanish class is better than...
My Spanish class is the best...
A

Mi clase de español es buena.
Mi clase de español es mejor que…
Mi clase de español es la major de…

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8
Q

subjunctive rules: when to use

A

volition, will, feelings, emotions, doubt, uncertainty, probability, report on others requests, recommendations or wishes

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9
Q

adverbial clauses (ESCAPA)

A
a menos que
antes de que
con tal de que
en caso de que
para que
sin que
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10
Q

indicative clauses (YAP)

A

ya que
ahora que
puesto que

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11
Q

clauses to use either subjunctive or indicative (12)

A
aun cuando
aunque
a pesar de que
cuando
de manera que
de modo que
después de  que
en cuanto
hasta que
luego que
mientras que
tan pronto como
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12
Q

rules for clauses that can use either subjunctive or indicative

A
  1. happened in the past (from point of view of speaker): indicative
  2. did not happen in the past; subjunctive
  3. no change of subject: indicative with following clauses antes, después, hasta, sin, para
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13
Q

if…then

which verb tenses to use

A

si (present indicative)…(present indicative)
si (““)…(future)
si (““)…(command)

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14
Q

por (demmm)

A
duration of time
movement or location
motive
exchange
means
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15
Q

para (cdrpg)

A
point in time/deadline
destination
recipient
comparison
goal/purpose
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16
Q

imperfect subjunctive formation

A

take third person plural of preterit
drop -on
add -a, -as, -a, -amos (accent the last vowel of the stem), -ais, -an

17
Q

past perfect subjunctive formation (pluperfect)

A

imperfect subjunctive haber + past participle

18
Q

imperfect subjunctive haber

A
hubiera
hubieras
hubiera
hubiéramos
hubierais
hubieran
19
Q

use of past perfect subjunctive

A

used the same as present perfect but used to refer to event prior to another past event
I wished that…already had happened

20
Q

si clauses of hypothetical/contrary-to-fact information

how to form: if I were Tarzan, I would live with monkeys.

A

Si + imperfect subjunctive + conditional

Si fuera Tarzan, viviría con los monos.

21
Q

si clauses of hypothetical/contrary-to-fact information

how to form: If I had been Tarzan, I would have lived with monkeys.

A

Si + past perfect subjunctive + conditional perfect

Si hubiera sido Tarzan, habría vivido con los monos.

22
Q

main clause: present indicative use what in subordinate clause when actions are contemporaneous
We insist that they begin

A

present subjunctive

Insistimos en que ellos empiecen.

23
Q

main clause: present indicative use what in subordinate clause when action is earlier than
We hope that they have begun

A

present perfect subjunctive

Esperamos que ello hayan empezado.

24
Q

main clause: preterit, imperfect or conditional use what in subordinate clause
He insisted that we go

A

imperfect subjunctive

Él insistió que fuéramos

25
Q

main clause: imperfect use what in subordinate clause when action is contemporaneous or after
We insisted that they recycle

A

imperfect subjunctive

Insistíamos en que ellos reciclaran

26
Q

main clause: imperfect use what in subordinate clause when action is before
We hoped that they had begun

A

past perfect subjunctive

Esperábamos que ellos hubieran empezado