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Neuro Final > Cerebral Cortex > Flashcards

Cerebral Cortex Flashcards

1
Q

insula

A

part of frontal lobe

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2
Q

brodmanns areas

A

based on cytoarchitecture

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3
Q

broadmans area 3, 1, 2

A

primary somatosensory cortex

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4
Q

brocas area

A

in left hemisphere frontal lobe

language production

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5
Q

wernickes area

A

in left hemisphere parietal lobe

language comprehension

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6
Q

hippocampus

A

temporal lobe

memory formation

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7
Q

occipital lobe

A

vision

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8
Q

primary visual cortex

A

BA 17

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9
Q

meaning of sensory input

A

multimodal association area

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10
Q

aware of sensory input

A

modality specific assocation area

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11
Q

prefrontal cortex

A

motivation

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12
Q

premotor and supplementary motor cortices

A

motor plan

-put action into an order

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13
Q

primary motor cortex

A

carry out action

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14
Q

left hemisphere

A

dominant

-language

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15
Q

right hemisphere

A

non-dominant

emotion/linguistic content of language

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16
Q

prosody

A

rhythmic or musical aspect of speech

-in right cerebral hemisphere

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17
Q

wernickes area location

A

parts of angular and supramarginal gyrus

BA 22, 40, 39

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18
Q

brocas area

A

parts of pars triangularis and pars opercularis

BA 44, 45

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19
Q

speech comprehension

A

wernickes area

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20
Q

speech production

A

brocas area

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21
Q

aphasia

A

disturbance in language

-include reading and writing

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22
Q

receptive aphasia

A

damage to wernickes area

have fluent speech, but don’t make sense

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23
Q

expressive aphasia

A

damage to brocas area

comprehension okay, but can’t express themselves

often use single words

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24
Q

inferior frontal gyrus

A

production of prosody

motor aprosodia

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25
Q

posterior temporoparietal region

A

comprehension of prosody

sensory aprosia

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26
Q

motor aprosodia

A

inability to convey emotion through voice or gesture

damage to inferior frontal gyrus

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27
Q

sensory aprosodia

A

inability to comprehend emotional content of speech or gesture

damage to temporoparietal region

28
Q

right parietal lobe

A

spatial attention

parietal eye area

monitors eye position and visual objects

29
Q

damage of right parietal lobe

A

contralateral neglect

limbs aren’t theirs
-only dress one side body

30
Q

right PCA or MCA

A

can cause damage to right parietal lobe area

31
Q

hemi-neglect

A

with patient with damage to right parietal lobe

only draw right half of image
-neglect left visual world

32
Q

praxis

A

performance of skilled motor task

33
Q

apraxia

A

loss of previously learned skill

no incoordination
no comprehension deficit
not associated with motor or sensory deficit
no loss of motivation

34
Q

disease of left parietal lobe damage

A

apraxia

35
Q

cause of apraxia

A

disease of left parietal lobe or break in connection to frontal cortex

36
Q

agnosia

A

lack of knowledge
-lack of meaning/identity

deficit in recognition of well perceived object

37
Q

prosobagnosia

A

inability to recognize faces

38
Q

bilateral occipitotemporal lesions

A

agnosia

39
Q

parietal lobe lesion

A

agnosia

40
Q

motion bilndness

A

movement appears frozen

41
Q

color blindness

A

occipitotemporal

42
Q

grey matter

A

all external

43
Q

white matter

A

internal

44
Q

why vascular superficial

A

because thats where cell bodies are - grey patter

45
Q

grey matter

A

subcortical grey
basal nuclei
diencephalon

46
Q

fold in grey matter

A

more surface area

more cell bodies

47
Q

archicortex

A

3 layers

-hippocampus

48
Q

paleocortex

A

3 + layers

-olfactory cortex

49
Q

neocortex

A

6 layers

50
Q

most neurons in neocortex

A

pyramidal

glutamatergic
output of cerebral cortex

51
Q

granule cells

A

GABAergic

interneurons in cortex

52
Q

layers of neocortex

A 
1 - molecular
2 - external granular
3 - external pyramidal
4 internal granular
5 internal pyramidal
6 multiform layer
53
Q

molecular layer

A

is most superficial

54
Q

granular layers

A

receive information

55
Q

pyramidal layers

A

send info - projections

56
Q

motor cortex

A

lots of pyramidal layers

3 and 5

57
Q

sensory cortex

A

lots of granular layers

especially 4

58
Q

differences in neocortex cell types?

A

used to map brodmanns areas

59
Q

white matter

A

projection, association, commissural fibers

60
Q

projection fibers

A

from pyramidal fibers

  • form corona radiata
  • comes together as internal capsule
61
Q

corona radiata

A

forms internal capsule

62
Q

internal capsule forms

A

cerebarl peduncles

63
Q

anterior limb internal capsule

A

corticopontine fibers

64
Q

posterior limb internal capsule

A

somatosensation body and head

motor to body

65
Q

in genu

A

corticobulbar

-to brainstem LMN and UMNs in brainstem

66
Q

association fibers

A

stay within a hemisphere

connect ipsilateral cortical areas
short - gyri
long - lobes

67
Q

commisural fibers

A

cross midline

corpus callosum
anterior commisure

Neuro Final (20 decks)

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