Specific Animal Phylas

Question 1

phylum porifera

Answer 1

“pore bearers” - sponges (porous)

Question 2

phylum porifera: specifics

Answer 2

sessile, asymmetrical, living pumps, lack tissues and organs, glass/calcium carbonate spicules for support

Question 3

phylum porifera: functions

Answer 3

know functions of choanocytes and amoebocytes

Question 4

phylum cnideria

Answer 4

“stinging nettle” - jellyfish, anemone, coral

Question 5

cnideria specifics

Answer 5

diploblastic (have mesoglea - jelly instead), radial symmetry, medusa (looks like jellyfish) and polyp (looks like anemone) stages to life cycle

Question 6

cnideria functions

Answer 6

• tentacles have stinging cells called cnidocytes containing harpoons (nematocyst), used to capture prey and bring it into mouth - gastrovascular cavity (food and waste use same opening)
• respiration, circulation, and excretion by diffusion

Question 7

phylum platyhelminthes

Answer 7

“flat worm” - flatworms and tapeworms

Question 8

platyhelminthes specifics

Answer 8

triploblastic, acoelomates, cephalization (eye spots and auricles (ears), no digestive tract (food and waster same opening)

Question 9

types of platyhelminthes

Answer 9

• free living- ex. planaria (pharynx, flame cells for excretion, regeneration of body)
• parasitic- ex. tapeworms (pork and beef), attach to intestine wall with hooks and suckers and absorb food (thick tegument - no sensory organs, just eat and reproduce)

Question 10

phylum rotifera

Answer 10

“wheel bearers” - spinning wheel shaped mouth parts to capture prey

Question 11

rotifera specifics

Answer 11

-tiny, aquatic, transparent, look like protozoans, all female, asexual repro by parthenogenesis

Question 12

phyum nematoda

Answer 12

“thread form”, roundworms, pinworms, hookworms

Question 13

nematoda specifics

Answer 13

triploblastic, pseudocoelomate (tube within tube), have mouth and anus, free living in soil and water, mostly parasitic (tough cuticle to resist digestion by host), complete digestive tract, no circulatory or respiratory

Question 14

phylum annelida

Answer 14

little rings, segmented worms- earthworms, marine worms, leeches

Question 15

annelida functions

Answer 15

• excretion with metanephridia (~kidney)
• hermaphrodites (use clitellum to transger sperm)
• digestive: mouth, pharynx, esophogus, crop, gizzard, intestine, anus
• ganglia (cluster of nerves in head, brainlike) with ventral nerve cord
• closed circulatory system (5 heart = aortic arches), dorsal and ventral blood vessel

Question 16

phylum mollusca

Answer 16

thin shell, soft bodied in hard shell, snails, oysters, octopi

Question 17

mollusca specifics

Answer 17

• 2nd largest phyla, aquatic (but some snails and slugs are found on land), food source for humans
• open circulatory system, excretion with nephridia

Question 18

types of mollusca

Answer 18

• gastropoda- (stomach foot), snails, muscular foot, visceral mass, mantle (secretes shell - calcium carbonate)
• bivalvia- 2 shells, clams, mussels, most sessile, sea floor, filter feeders (plankton)
• cephalopoda- (head foot), octopi and squid, smart brain and NS, predators, mouth = sharp beak, move by jet propulsion, prey sucked in by cups on tentacles

Question 19

phylum arthropoda

Answer 19

jointed foot

Question 20

arthropoda specifics

Answer 20

largest phyla, exoskeletons (chitin) (also molted), segmented bodies and appendages, open circulatory system with dorsal heart and ventral nerve cords

Question 21

types of arthropoda

Answer 21

• Insects- 3 segments (head, thorax, abdomen), 6 legs, trachea and spiracles for respiration (undergo metamorphosis - egg, larva, adult)
• crustaceans- segments (cephalothorax and abdomen), 10 legs, gills for respiration
• spiders- same segments, 8 legs, chelicerae (piercing mouthparts), lungs for respiration

Question 22

phylum echinodermata

Answer 22

spiny skin, (starfish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers)

Question 23

echinodermata specifics

Answer 23

• larvae- bilateral symmetry and adults- radial symmetry
• thin skin covered by exoskeleton
• water vascular system (network of canals that branch into tube feet - used for moving, feeding, and gas exchange)

Question 24

deuterostomia and coelomate

Answer 24

echinodermata

Question 25

bilateria, protostomes, and coelomates

Answer 25

annelida, mollusca, anthropoda

Question 26

bilateria and protostomes

Answer 26

platyhelminthes, rotifera, nematoda

Question 27

eumetazoans

Answer 27

cnideria