Ch. 23 Revolutionary Russia and the Soviet Union

Question 1

Duma

Answer 1

The elected parliament. Created after revolutoin made to look like the Tzar was giving people power, in reality he could easily get rid of this if they made any laws or such that he didn’t like

Question 2

Tzarina Alexandra

Answer 2

Wife of Tzar Nicholas II

• hated by the Russian people (she was German)
• highly influenced Tzar Nicholas II
• like Rasputin

Question 3

Grigory Rasputin

Answer 3

Friend of the Russian Royal Family

• “holy man”
• helped save Tzars son
• killed because many thought he was using to royal family to rule Russia

Question 4

Bolsheviks

Answer 4

A communist revolutionist group created by Vladimir Lenin. -Overthrew and assassinated Russian Royal Family

Question 5

Aleksandr Kerensky

Answer 5

1917- Provisional Government Leader

• fighting = national duty
• Stalin replaced him

Question 6

Tzar Nicholas II

Answer 6

The last Tzar of Russia

• poor army leadership
• 1917 advocated (gave up) the throne
• assassinated with his family in Petrograd

Question 7

Petrograd Soviet

Answer 7

A huge, fluctuating mass meeting of two thousand to three thousand workers, soldiers and socialist intellectuals, modeled on the revolutionary soviets of 1905.
-for the provisional government

Question 8

Vladimir Lenin

Answer 8

Leader of the Bolsheviks, became the communist leader of the Soviet Union (USSR)

Question 9

July Days

Answer 9

When the Bolsheviks rose in insurrection but ended up failing. This hardened political lines in Russia. Bolsheviks were arrested.

Question 10

Pravda

Answer 10

“Truth”

• the Bolshevik party’s newspaper
• shut down by provisional government
• Became USSR’s newspaper

Question 11

Kornilov Affair

Answer 11

In late 1917 Kerensky’s commander in chief, General Laver Kornolov led a feeble attack against the provincial government in September; his forces were quickly defeated.

Question 12

October Revolution

Answer 12

The seizure of power by force by the Bolsheviks from the Provisional Government (that had replaced Tsar Nicholas II after the February Revolution) in November of 1917. After the forceful seizure of power, Lenin set himself up as the first head of a Marxist state with aspirations to change the country, making several decrees in his effort use socialist ideas (Confiscation of large estates and businesses & establishment of political monopoly- no rival political parties).

Question 13

Peace of Brest-Litovsk

Answer 13

Treaty with German army in World War 1

• Russia withdraws from war
• Russia gave Germany 1/4 of its land in Europe

Question 14

War Communism

Answer 14

Reforms put forth by Lenin and the Bolsheviks such as nationalizing private property, banks, and placing workers commitees in charge of factories

Question 15

Kulaks

Answer 15

name for wealthier peasants.

Question 16

Soviet Union

Answer 16

The new name for Russia under Bolshevik power

Question 17

New Economic Policy

Answer 17

• Lenin’s temporary economic solution
• State controlled economy
• Allowed peasants to use their own land
• Allowed trade of produce
• Small-scale private manufacturing
• Other investments

Question 18

Joseph Stalin

Answer 18

Stalin became dictator of Russia after Lenin’s death in 1924. He led the USSR through WWII and into the Cold War. He died in 1953 and is remembered for his brutal purges in his nation.

Question 19

Five-Year-Plan

Answer 19

Stalin’s attempt to rapidly modernize Russia’s industrial capacity began in 1928, with the collectivization of farms as a part of the process. Russia’s heavy industrial capacity did increase, but the collectivization caused massive unrest and violence. The second Five Year Plan began in 1933. Stalin reinforced his dictatorship

Question 20

Purges

Answer 20

(1936-1938) This was when Stalin persecuted all those in Russia who he perceived to be a threat, and deemed “enemies of the people”. There were millions of deaths, in addition to imprisonment, censorship, and other forms of oppression.