Chapter 4

Question 1

James I

Answer 1

• daughter of Mary queen of Scots
• start of Stuart dynasty
• believed royal authority came from God
• thought Presbyterian system would destroy royal control over the church (basically support Anglican church, didn’t like puritans)

Question 2

Charles I

Answer 2

• son of James I
• executed
• civil war in England
• believed royal authority came from God
• as seen as sympathetic to Catholics in Ireland and has a Catholic wife (maybe going back to Catholicism)
• basically support Anglican church, didn’t like puritans

Question 3

purtians

Answer 3

protestants in Anglican church (Calvinists)

Question 4

causes of civil war in england

Answer 4

• monarchs could get enough taxes
• large debt left by Elizabethan
• the church of England then had bishops playing an important role
• parliament (puritans) wanted to reform the church of England in favor of a Presbyterian model (presbyters instead of bishops played a role)
• parliament tried to force the monarch to accept policies in exchange for income because they were scared of absolutism and Catholicism
• Charles I was seen as sympathetic to Catholics in Ireland and has a Catholic wife (maybe going back to Catholicism)
• Irish and Scottish people are mad because the archbishop tried to impose the prayer book on the -Presbyterian church

Question 5

events in civil war in england

Answer 5

• Scots invade
• the parliament limited royal powers, but the king crossed the line by arresting some members
• Charles rallied supporters against parliament
• Charles I executed
• Cromwell

Question 6

cavaliers

Answer 6

royalists

-favored strong monarchy and Anglican church governed by bishops

Question 7

roundheads

Answer 7

parliament

• puritans, people from Presbyterian dominated areas
• favored parliamentary monarchy and Presbyterian church
• Cromwell was in it

Question 8

Oliver Cromwell

Answer 8

-established the commonwealth
-monarchy and house of lords was abolished
-parliament was ignored
-country ruled by dictatorship enforced by military rule
-puritan restrictions on art entertainment
crushed an uprising in Ireland and replaced Catholics with protestants
-they defeated the dutch
-levelers (radicals) were opposed
-Anglican church was restored as state church

Question 9

James II

Answer 9

• wanted to restored Catholicism in England (treated catholic Irish nicely)
• William of orange and Mary of Netherlands were asked to overthrow James II

Question 10

Glorious Revolution

Answer 10

-Cromwell died
-MONARCH was restored (Charles II)
-James II succeed Charles II
-William of orange and Mary of Netherlands were asked to overthrow James II because James II wanted to restored Catholicism in England (treated catholic Irish nicely)
-all future monarchs must be Protestant
-no more divine right
-Bill of rights
-constitutional monarchy
-

Question 11

bill of rights

Answer 11

• taxation and laws required parliamentary consent
• monarch can’t be roman catholic
• laws could only be made with consent of parliament
• parliament hold frequent sessions
• parliament could be dissolved only by its own consent
• standing armies only allowed with parliament’s consent

Question 12

Louis XIII

Answer 12

• son of Henry of Navarre

- appointed cardinal Richelieu

Question 13

cardinal Richelieu

Answer 13

• wanted to enhance royal power
• politique
• determined to weaken nobility (intendant system)

Question 14

Fronde

Answer 14

• nobles of the French tried to reassert their authority but failed
• Louis XIV was forced to leave
• this happened when cardinal Mazarin was in power

Question 15

Louis XIV

Answer 15

• appointed Colbert
• absolutist monarch
• revocated the edict of Nantes, causing many Huguenots to leave
• wanted to combine french and Spanish empires
• he wanted to create a universal monarchy by going into the Netherlands (fail) Spain (fail) and HRE (fail)

Question 16

Bishop Bossuet

Answer 16

-supported absolutist rule (Louis XIV)

Question 17

Colbert

Answer 17

• mercantilism
• Louis XIV
• no domestic taxes, but high taxes on goods coming in are okay.
• colonies are important
• he made the economy a little better, but not enough
• build canals, improved roads, state sponsored enterprises

Question 18

War of Spanish Succession

Answer 18

• Louis XIV placed his grandson (Philip V) on the Spanish throne
• people were scared that a universal monarchy would be created
• treaty of Utrecht
• -great Britain is becoming a big power

Question 19

treaty of utrecht

Answer 19

• Philip V was allowed to be king of Spain as long as the thrones of Spain and France are not united
• England got Gibraltar
• savoy got Sardinia
• Austria got Spanish Netherlands and Italian states
• elector of Brandenburg is king (Prussia)
• dutch is declining as a great power
• great Britain is becoming a big power

Question 20

Presbyterian

Answer 20

had presbyters instead of bishops playing an important governing role

Question 21

levelers

Answer 21

wanted vote for all householders
annual parliamentary elections
woman's equality
government programs to care  for poor
suppressed by cromwell