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AP review #2 > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

causes of the french revolution

A
  • peasants were mad (income, taxes)
  • poor harvests
  • bankrupt of government (debts )
  • aristocratic resistance against taxes
  • censorship
  • unpopularity of church hierarchy and privileges
  • taxes to church
  • noble privileges
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2
Q

Louis XVI

A
  • married to Marie Antoinette

- french revolution

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3
Q

Necker

A

financial official during french revolution

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4
Q

Edmund burke

A

English critic

  • state is partnership
  • no reform
  • sudden change = no okay, gradual change = okay
  • during french revolution
  • warned that mob rule would lead to anarchy and military dictatorship
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5
Q

robspierre

A

=Jacobin leader

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6
Q

Pitt the younger

A

British organizer of alliances against forces of revolution and napoleon

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7
Q

the french revolution timeline

A
  • calling of estates general (solve bankruptcy)
  • tennis court oath
  • Bastille
  • the great fear
  • Austria and Prussia threaten to invade France
  • legislative assembly declare war
  • sans-culottes took control and pressure the legislative assembly into calling for anew national convention
  • national convention declare republic and kill king
  • giondrists outed Jacobins
  • then there were threats from girodinsts and royalists and foreign threats
  • reign of terror
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8
Q

the great fear

A

agarain revolt during french revolution

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9
Q

emigres

A

princes and nobles who fled France to raise foreign opposition

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10
Q

national assembly / constituent assembly

A
  • limited monarchy
  • metric system
  • abolish internal taxes
  • abolish guilds
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11
Q

civil constituent of assembly

A
  • church nationalized
  • church are employees of the state
  • took lands
  • took an loath
  • church officials elected by the people
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12
Q

Le chapelier law

A

against organised labor

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13
Q

assignats

A

bonds issued by government

  • later used as currency
  • over issue led to high inflation
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14
Q

Jacobin

A

-racial revolutionizes
-no monarchies
-republic
-not lyattete
-king dead
-supported by sans-coulerte
-

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15
Q

girondins

A
  • more moderate than Jacobins
  • advocates of war with Russia
  • extend french revolutionary ideas
  • king improsioned
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16
Q

declaration of pilnitz

A

Leopold II of Austria threaten war with France

-wanted to restore absolutism

17
Q

september massacres

A

massacre of royalists

18
Q

vendee

A

counterrevolutionary uprising in western central France

-suppressed by Robespierre

19
Q

thermiorian reaction

A

reaction against extremism of Robespierre

  • ended terror
  • started directory
20
Q

the directory

A
  • led by bourgeois (rich)
  • new Constitution (corrupt)
  • continued war
21
Q

outcomes of french revolution

A

-overthrow of monarchy (execution)
-power of nobility weakened
-secularization of church
-new metric system, calender
-

22
Q

what lands did napoleon conquer

A

Netherlands, Italy, Dalmatia, Switzerland, Germany, Poland, Spain, Portugal, Sweden, Egypt and Russia

23
Q

admiral nelson

A

victor at Trafalgar

-defeated napolone

24
Q

trafalgar

A

admiral nelson destroyed french and Spain fleets (napoleon)

25
Q

austerlizx

A

napoleon defeated Austria and Russia
now could demolish HRE
seen as genius

26
Q

napoleon timeline

A
  • invasion of Egypt (fail)
  • winning in Austria, Prussia and Prussia
  • Austerlitz (reorganize Germany, cause nationalism and unrest)
  • guerrilla warfare in Spain (fail)
  • failed invasion of Russia
  • battle of nations (defeated)
  • sent to Elba
  • came back (100 days)
  • defeated at Waterloo
  • sent to St. Helena
27
Q

Louis XVIII

A
  • restored after french revolution

- accepted parliamentary government, Napoleonic code, abolition of feudalism…

28
Q

Napoleonic code

A
  • consolidated hundreds of laws
  • guarantied many achievements of french revolution
  • increased authority of husbands in family
  • -civil code restricted women’s rights, patriarchal values, guilty until proven innocent
29
Q

concordat of 1801

A
  • granted church special status
  • regained right to confirm church dignitaries , depose french bishops. reopen seminaries
  • in return, pope recognizes the lands taken
30
Q

how napoleon was enligthened

A
  • encouraged spirit of nationalism at home (but also at Germany)
  • Napoleonic code
  • abolished serfdom (HRE) (pushed Prussia to go to war)
  • ended HRE
  • promoted soldiers by merit
  • abolish guilds
  • plebiscites
  • political st-ability
31
Q

how Napeolon was despotic

A
  • secret police
  • placed brothers on thrones of Holland, Spain, and Westphalia, and Italy
  • created new hereditary nobility
  • crowned himself emperor
  • restored church to privilege position
32
Q

congress of vienna

A

-bourbonds restored in france
-quadruple alliance (austria, prussia, russia, britian)
-germany left divided (led by austria)
-netherelands and belgium combined (buffer state)
-austria get tuscany, lombardy and venice
-sardinia get pidemont and savoy
-switzrerland is indepdnet
-sweden get norway
-russia got more polish terriority
-

33
Q

mitternich

A

against liberalism and nationalism

AP review #2 (18 decks)

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