2.3

Question 0

How can carbon atoms form chains that are almost unlimited in length?

Answer 0

Because they can bond with one another

Question 1

How many valence electrons does carbon have?

Answer 1

4

Question 2

What kind of carbon-carbon bonds are there?

Answer 2

Single, double, triple

Question 3

Organic compounds in living cells that are so large

Answer 3

Macromolecules

Question 4

How are macromolecules formed?

Answer 4

Thru the process known as polymerization

Question 5

Large compounds are made by building smaller ones together is known as?

Answer 5

Polymerization

Question 6

Make up polymers; single smaller unit

Answer 6

Monomers

Question 7

Made up of monomers; many

Answer 7

Polymers

Question 8

Can monomers be the same or different?

Answer 8

Both

Question 9

The four major groups found in living things

Answer 9

Carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids

Question 10

How do biochemists sort macromolecules?

Answer 10

By their chemical composition

Question 11

Compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; mainly used as the main source of energy; some plants and animals use these for structural purposes

Answer 11

Carbohydrates

Question 12

Example of complex carb

Answer 12

Starch

Question 13

Example of single sugar

Answer 13

Glucose

Question 14

Single sugar molecules

Answer 14

Monosaccharide

Question 15

A compound made by joining two simple sugars together

Answer 15

Disaccharide

Question 16

Large Macromolecules formed from monosaccharides

Answer 16

Polysaccharide

Question 17

Stored excess sugar

Answer 17

Glycogen

Question 18

More than 3+ sugars

Answer 18

Complex carb

Question 19

What makes up a monosaccharides?

Answer 19

Glucose, and galactose

Question 20

Ordinary table sugar is known as what?

Answer 20

Sucrose

Question 21

What makes up sucrose?

Answer 21

Glucose and fructose

Question 22

What kind of compound is sucrose?

Answer 22

Disaccharide

Question 23

Where is glycogen stored?

Answer 23

In polysaccharides

Question 24

What does stored glycogen do for the body?

Answer 24

Provides muscles contraction and movement

Question 25

The polysaccharide animals use for excess sugar

Answer 25

Starch

Question 26

A large and varied group biological molecules that are generally not soluble in water; made mostly from carbon and hydrogen

Answer 26

Lipids

Question 27

What are the common categories of lipids?

Answer 27

Fats, oils, and waxes

Question 28

What are lipids used for?

Answer 28

To store energy; important parts of biological membranes and waterproof coverings

Question 29

How are most lipids formed?

Answer 29

When glycerol and fatty acids join together

Question 30

When a fatty acid has a carbon double bond it is consider what?

Answer 30

An unsaturated fat

Question 31

What unsaturated fats have more than 1 double bond it is considered what?

Answer 31

Polyunsaturated

Question 32

What are saturated fats at room temperature?

Answer 32

Solid

Question 33

What are unsaturated fats at room temperate?

Answer 33

Liquid

Question 34

Macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus

Answer 34

Nucleic acids

Question 35

The individual monomers that make up nucleic acids

Answer 35

Nucleotides

Question 36

The three parts of nucleotides

Answer 36

A 5 carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Question 37

How are nucleic acids formed?

Answer 37

By nucleotides joined by covalent bonds

Question 38

What do nucleic acids do for the body?

Answer 38

Store and transmit genetics

Question 39

What types of nucleic acids are there?

Answer 39

Ribonucleic, and deoxyribonucleic

Question 40

What does ribonucleic acid contain?

Answer 40

The sugar ribose

Question 41

What does deoxyribonucleic acid contain?

Answer 41

The sugar deoxyribose

Question 42

How are proteins made?

Answer 42

From one or more polypeptides

Question 43

Macromolecules that contain nitrogen,carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Answer 43

Proteins

Question 44

What are proteins made up of?

Answer 44

Amino acids

Question 45

What are amino acids?

Answer 45

Compounds with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end

Question 46

What are the bonds called that link amino acids together?

Answer 46

Peptide bonds

Question 47

What are many amino acids linked together called?

Answer 47

Polypeptide

Question 48

What do proteins do?

Answer 48

Control rate of reactions and regulate cell processes; others form important cellular structures

Question 49

What determines an amino acids chemical properties?

Answer 49

The R group

Question 50

The sequence of amino acids is the what structure of a protein?

Answer 50

Primary structure

Question 51

The coiling or folding of an amino acid is what structure?

Answer 51

Secondary

Question 52

The complete three dimensional arrangement of a polypeptide chain is what structure?

Answer 52

Tertiary