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Honors Biology > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

(98 cards)

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1
Q

What is not a goal of Science?

A

To use data to support a particular point of view

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2
Q

The work of scientists begins with what?

A

Careful observations

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3
Q

Science differs from other disciplines, such as history and the arts, because science relies on what?

A

Testing explanations

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4
Q

Information gathered from observing a plant grow 3 cm over a two week period results in what?

A

Data

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5
Q

You state that the presence of water could accelerate the growth of bread mold. This is a what?

A

Hypothesis

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6
Q

A hypothesis may be disproved by what?

A

a single experiment

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7
Q

Hypotheses may arise from what?

A

Prior knowledge, logical inferences, and imaginative guesses

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8
Q

Which of the following is a valid hypothesis for why a plant appears to be dying?

A

All of the above

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9
Q

In science, a hypothesis is useful only if it can be what?

A

It can be tested

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10
Q

Which of the following is not apart of how scientists work?

A

Generalizing

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11
Q

A controlled experiment allows the Scientists to isolate and test what?

A

Several Variables

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12
Q

Scientists publish the details of important experiments so that what?

A

Their work can be repeated

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13
Q

The ability to reproduce results is an important part of any of what?

A

A experiment

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14
Q

When enough experimental data supports a hypothesis, the hypothesis becomes a what?

A

A theory

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15
Q

What is a Theory?

A

May be revised or replaced

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16
Q

Biology is the study of what?

A

The living world

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17
Q

The process by which organisms keep their internal conditions relatively stable is called what?

A

Homeostasis

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18
Q

What is he term for land, water, and air on Earth?

A

Ecosystem

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19
Q

What is the term for a group of organisms of one type living in one place?

A

Population

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20
Q

An instrument that allows light to pass through the specimen and uses two lenses to form an image is a what?

A

Compound light microscope

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21
Q

Safety procedures are important when working in what?

A

A Lab, A field, and animals

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22
Q

The three particles that make up an atom are what?

A

Protons, Neutrons, and electrons

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23
Q

The space surrounding the nucleus of an atom contains what?

A

electrons

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24
Q

The nucleus is made up of what?

A

Protons and neutrons

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25
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and what?
A different number of neutrons
26
Which statement about a compound is true?
Only the physical properties of a compound are usually the same as those of he elements from which it is formed
27
A covalent bond is formed as the result of what?
Sharing an electron pair
28
What type of electron is available to form bonds?
VAlence electrons
29
What type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons?
Positive
30
The most abundant compound in most living things is what?
water
31
Water molecules are polar with the what?
oxygen side being slightly negative and the hydrogen side being slightly positive
32
A solution is a what?
An evenly distributed mixture of two or more substances
33
If you stir salt into boiling water, you produce a what?
A mixture called a solution
34
When salt is dissolved in water, water is the what?
Solvent
35
Suspensions are mixtures of what?
Water and undissolved material
36
If the pH of stomach acid and of oven cleaner were measured where would they be on the scale?
Stomach acid would be below 7 but oven cleaner would be above 7
37
A substance with a pH of 6 is called a what?
An acid
38
Solutions that contain concentrations H+ ions lower than pure water are what?
Bases
39
Amino acid is to protein as what?
Simple sugar is to starch
40
A monosaccharide is a what?
Carbohydrate
41
Which of the following is a main source of energy to living things?
Carbohydrates
42
What do proteins not do?
Store heredity
43
In chemical reactions atoms are what?
Rearranged
44
When hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water, water is a what?
a product
45
Identify the reactants in the chemical reactions CO2 + H20 = H2CO3?
CO2 and H20
46
What is the process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals?
Chemical reaction
47
What is the term used to describe the energy needed to get a reaction started?
Activation energy
48
A substance that accelerates the rate of a chemical reaction is called a what?
Catalyst
49
Enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by Changing the what?
Speed of the reaction
50
Who was the first person to identify and see cells?
Robert Hooke
51
The work of Schlseiden and Schwann can be summarized by saying that what?
All plants and animals are made of cells
52
The cell theory applies to what?
Bacteria, plants and animals, and multicellular organisms
53
Which cell structure contains the cell's genetic material and controls the cell's activities?
Nucleus
54
Prokaryotes lack what?
A nucleus
55
What contains a nucleus?
Eukaryotes
56
Eukaryotes usually contain what?
A nucleus, specialized organelles, and genetic material
57
Which of the following organisms are prokaryotes?
Bacteria
58
The main function of the cell wall is to what?
support and protect the cell
59
Unlike the cell membrane the cell wall is made of what?
Made of tough fibers
60
You won't find a cell wall in which of these kinds of organisms?
Animals
61
What is not found in a nucleus?
Cytoplasm
62
Why is the nucleus important to the cell?
The nucleus contains coded instructions for making proteins
63
What does a cytoskeleton do?
Keep the shape of the cell
64
Which structures carry out cell movement?
Microtubules and microfilaments
65
Which of the following is an organelle found in the cytoplasm?
Ribosome
66
Which organelle breaks down food into particles the cell can use?
Mitochondrion
67
Which organelle makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?
Ribosomes
68
Which organelle converts food into compounds that the cell uses for growth, development, and movement?
Mitochondrion
69
Which Organelle help provide cells with energy?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts
70
Which sequence correctly traces the path of a protein in the cell?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi Apparatus, released from the cell
71
Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not in animal cells?
chloroplast
72
What serves as the cell's boundary from its environment?
Cell membrane
73
The cell membrane contains channels and pumps that help move materials from one side to the other. hat are these channels and pumps made of?
Proteins
74
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from what?
An area of high concentration to a low concentration?
75
Diffusion occurs because why?
Molecules constantly move and collide each other
76
Which means of particle transport requires input of energy from the cell?
Active transport
77
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called what?
Osmosis
78
An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes what?
Water to move into the cell
79
A group of cells that perform similar functions are call what?
Tissue
80
Work together to perform all the functions in a multicellular organism
Organ system
81
What is the order of the levels of multicellular organisms from the simplest to the most complex go in?
Cell, tissue, organ, and organ system
82
Organisms that make their own food are what?
Autotrophs
83
Organisms that cannot make their own food and must obtain energy from the foods they eat are called what?
Heterotrophs
84
What is an example of an autotroph?
A tree
85
What is NOT an example of a heterotroph?
Grass
86
A student is collecting the gas given off from a plant in bright sunlight at a temperature of 27 C. The gas is probably what?
Carbon Dioxide
87
Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into what?
High-Energy sugars
88
In overall equation for photosynthesis, six molecules of carbon dioxide result in six molecules of what?
Glucose
89
Plants gather the sun's energy with light absorbing molecules called what?
Pigments (chlorophyll)
90
Plants take in the sun's energy by absorbing what?
Sunlight
91
Most plants appear green because the chlorophyll does what?
Does not absorb green light
92
Which region of the visible spectrum is not absorbed well by chlorophyll?
Green
93
What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?
Oxygen Gas, ATP, And NADPH
94
What is the step for beginning photosynthesis?
Pigments in photosystem 2 absorb light
95
The calvin cycle is another name for What?
light dependent reactions
96
What is a product of the Calvin Cycle?
High-energy sugar
97
How does the calvin cycle differ from the light-dependent reactions
It takes place in the stroma
98
If carbon dioxide is removed from a plant's environment, what would you expect to happen to the plant's production of high energy sugars?
Fewer sugars will be produced

Honors Biology (14 decks)

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