2.3 - 3.2 Flashcards
Durkheims study
Crime is needed in society to function such as social solidarity, public shaming, crime deterant and to create careers
Boundary maintenance is Durkheim study
When crime becomes dysfunctional when the rate is too high or too low
The 1987 homosexuality act when society challenged the law
Deviance as a safety valve
Like letting off steam such as going to a prostitute instead of cheating
Strengths of durkheims study
He was first to see positivity
9/11 alerted us that security want enough which impacted our changes to be safer
Weakness of Durkheim
No suggestion on how much deviance is the right amount
Subculture theories
Albert cohen found different norms and values
Boys get status frustration from being inferior to high Statius boys for not being able to complete the same tasks they do
Strengths of subcultural theories
Subcultures offer solutions to failing people
Weaknesses of subcultural theories
Ignore crimes of the wealthy
Labelling theory
It is a cause of crime
Primary deviance
Not been publicly labelled mostly crimes such as not paying for public transport
Secondary deviance
being publicly labelled leading to self fulfilling prophecy
Self fulfilling prophecy
They are labelled and treated like that label then they live up to the label then socialised with others with that label leading to master status and a deviant career
Deviance amplification spiral
Way levels of deviance are increased
Moral panic
When society feels like their morals are being threatened
Marxist theory
Unequal structure of capitalist society shapes peoples behaviour
Exploitation of working class
Drives people into unfavourable conditions such as stealing food
Capitalism causes crime among capitalists themselves
Profit makes capitalist do crimes like white collar crime
Weaknesses of Marxists theory
Focuses on class and not individual motivation
There are laws to protect all classes such as rape
Strengths of Marxist theory
Provides an explanation for a range of crimes
Exploitation of working class
Causing crimes against capitalists
Right realism
Conservative political outlook
Punishment needs to be harsher
Crime is a product of biological differences
Nuclear family is best agenct of socialisation
People commit crime cos the reward is beyyer then risk
Social chnages affect policy development
Drugs in Portugal
Homosexuality Wolfenden report
