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604 Immuno/Microbio - Exam 2 > 2.3 - B Cell Development > Flashcards

2.3 - B Cell Development Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

B cells develop in the

A

Bone marrow

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2
Q

Both T and B cells are derived from the ___ which expresses ___ marker

A

Pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell
CD34

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3
Q

What is the specific marker expressed in B cells?

A

CD19

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4
Q

What’s the specific marker for T cells?

A

CD3

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5
Q

Does B cell rearrangement happen in the heavy or light chain first?

A

Heavy chain

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6
Q

Heavy chain is designated by what greek letter

A

mu (µ)

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7
Q

___ expresses IgM on its surface with either kappa or lambda light chain

A

Immature B cell

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8
Q

What cells play an important role in B cell maturation?

A

BM stromal cells

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9
Q

BM stromal cells produce __ signal

A

IL-7

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10
Q

A critical cytokine in the development of B cells is ___. It is the ___ force for B cell to go from early B cell to immature B cell

A

IL-7

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11
Q

What receptor do B cells express so a cytokine can bind to it and drive it to maturation?

A

IL-7 receptor

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12
Q

Describe heavy chain rearrangement

A
  • Occurs on chromosomes 1 and 2
  • Occurs on chromosome 1 first and if successful it moves on to light chain rearrangement
  • If not successful, it moves on to chromosome 2, and if that’s successful it moves on to light chain rearrangement
  • If neither successful, cell undergoes apoptosis
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13
Q

Light chains contain a ___ chain during the early part of the development process

A

Surrogate light chain

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14
Q

What are the signaling markers for B cells that send signals to the cell interior when the B cell receptor binds an antigen?

A

Igbeta and Igalpha

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15
Q

The surrogate light chain is expressed in the

A

cytoplasm

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16
Q

There is rearrangement in light chains, this does/does not occur b/c of allelic exclusion

A

does

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17
Q

When 1 chromosome rearranges, the other one does/does not shut down

A

Does

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18
Q

allelic exclusion gives ___ B cells receptors w/ ___ avidity binding

A

Homogenous
High

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19
Q

No allelic exclusion gives ___ B-cell receptors w/ ___ avidity binding

A

Heterogenous
Low

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20
Q

Describe light chain rearrangement

A
  1. Rearrangement of kappa gene on first
    chromosome → cell expresses mu and kappa
  2. If that doesn’t work, rearrangement of kappa
    gene on second chromosome → cell expresses
    mu and kappa
  3. If that doesn’t work, rearrangement of lamba gene on first chromosome → cell expresses mu and lambda
  4. If that doesn’t work, rearrangement of lambda on second chromosome → cell expresses mu and lambda
  5. If that doesn’t work, apoptosis
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21
Q

Are there usually more kappa or lambda light chains? what’s the ration?

A

Kappa
2:1

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22
Q

Checkpoints occur after which rearrangements? What happens if the chains don’t rearrange?

Study These Flashcards
A

Occurs after heavy and light chain rearrangement

Apoptosis

23
Q

IL-7 receptor function

Study These Flashcards
A

Growth factor receptor

24
Q

Igalpha and Igbeta function

Study These Flashcards
A

Signal transduction

25
CD19 function
signal transduction
26
Pax-5 function
Transcription factor
27
Describe B1 lineage
- short lived plasma cell - 1st B cell produce in BM before birth - has a restricted V region - Can self renew after birth - Little memory development
28
Where can you find B1 lineage?
Medullary cords in LN Red pulp spleen secondary lymphoid organs
29
What isotype does the B1 lineage secrete?
IgM
30
Describe B2 lineage
- Short and long lived - produced after birth - In the bone marrow - Diverse V region - Replaced from bone marrow - Has memory development
31
Where can you find the B2 lineage?
BM
32
What isotypes does the B2 lineage secrete?
All 5
33
B1 is a ___ B cell
CD5+
34
B cells that recognize self undergo ___ selection
Negative
35
If a B cell reacts w/ self antigen does it stay/leave the bone marrow. What then happens?
Stays It goes through self editing in the light chain, NOT in the heavy chain, to produce a non self reactive light chain - it undergoes rearrangement
36
If a B cell doesn't react w/ self antigen, the B cell moves to the ___ and expresses what lymphoids?
Blood to go to secondary lymphoid organs IgD and IgM
37
If there's unsuccessful editing for the light chain, what happens?
apoptosis
38
What is central tolerance?
Soluble univalent self antigens interact w/ igM on the surface of B cells and the cell becomes unresponsive or anergic - When there's neg selection
39
What is peripheral tolerance?
- Develops after B cell leaves BM and then encounters self antigen - The self reacting B cells die or become anergic
40
Steps for B cell entering lymph node and leaving
1. Enters through HEV 2. goes to primary lymphoid follicle 3. Leave via efferent lymphatic to go to blood
41
When B cells go to primary follicle, what then happens?
it interacts with follicular dendritic cells which aids in the maturation of the immature B cell into a mature, naive B cell
42
Describe follicular dendritic cells
- doesn't have hematopoetic origin - doesn't process antigen, just holds it on its surface - not a dendritic cell - displays dendritic extensions
43
What happens in positive selection?
B cells interact w/ FDC or they die
44
Where can B cells encounter an antigen in the lymph node?
In the B cell region or germinal center
45
When B cells differentiate into plasma cells, they migrate to
Medullary cord in the lymph node or the bone marrow
46
B cells make antibodies which deal w/ microorganisms outside/inside cell. B cells undergo ___ immunity
Outside Humoral
47
The co-receptor of B cells
CD19
48
Describe T-dependent responses
- Requires T cell help for B cell to become activated - Involves B2 lineage - involves the TH2 and TfH subset - required for the majority of antibody responses
49
Describe T-independent responses
- B cell can interact w/ antigen and become activated w/o T cell help - involves B1 lineage
50
B cell activation steps to turn into plasma cell
1. IgM bind to antibody on surface of B cell 2. Microorg is processed and presented on MHC II 3. antigen's recognized by helper T cells 4. helper T cell's activated and releases cytokines 5. B cell turns into plasma cell
51
First signal in B cell activation
B cell interacting with its specific antigen through the B cell receptor
52
Second signal in B cell activation
Interaction of the TCR w/ the MHC class II molecule on the surface of the B cell which contains the process antigen
53
What's an important component of the second signal in B cell activation?
Interaction of CD40 on the B cell surface w/ its ligand CD40 on the T cell

604 Immuno/Microbio - Exam 2 (5 decks)

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