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604 Immuno/Microbio - Exam 2 > 2.4 - B Cell Immunity > Flashcards

2.4 - B Cell Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

Important cytokines in activation of B cells

A

IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10

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2
Q

IL-6 and IL-10 play a role in what

A

the differentiation of B cells to antibody secreting plasma cells

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3
Q

When B cells proliferate, they can turn into

A

Memory cells and plasma cells

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4
Q

Major antibody secreting cell

A

Plasma cell

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5
Q

Yes or no for these scenarios with B cells and plasma cells: Surface Ig, Surface MHC class II and high rate of Ig secretion

A

B cells: Yes, Yes, no
Plasma cells: no, no, yes

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6
Q

Where does the B cell encounter the T cell?

A

Lymph node

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7
Q

Mature naive B cells goes to primary follicle, which then goes to ___ to look for antigen

A

FDC

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8
Q

B cell recognizes ___ portion of antigen

A

native

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9
Q

T cell recognizes ___ portion of antigen

A

processed

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10
Q

FDC expresses what receptor that C3b can bind to and remain on the cell surface

A

CR1 receptor

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11
Q

When the B cell and TfH CD4 positive T cells interact, where will they go?

A
  • Some go to medullary cords to differentiate into plasma cells
  • Others go back to primary follicle, actively divide w/ the formation of the germinal center
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12
Q

Somatic hypermutation occurs in what region

A

V region

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13
Q

Describe somatic hypermutation

A

B cells are trying to end up w/ high affinity antibodies that bind tighter
- If they have low affinity they undergo apoptosis

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14
Q

Apoptosis of low affinity antibodies after somatic hypermutation are engulfed by

A

Tingible body macrophages

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15
Q

IL-10 and IL-6 specific function

A

Make antibodies that fight and terminate current infection

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16
Q

IL-4 specific function

A
  • Bring about differentiation into memory B cells
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17
Q

T independent antigen do/don’t require the presence of a helper T cell

A

Don’t

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18
Q

T-independent antigens contain ___ that provide both signals 1 and 2

A

repetitive epitopes

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19
Q

Examples of repetitive epitopes

A

lipopolysaccharides and capsular polysaccharides

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20
Q

Is there class switching in t-independent antigens? Why? What’s the major antibody class?

A

No, b/c T cells are responsible for class switching and you don’t have T cells present
IgM

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21
Q

Majority of antigens encounter T dependent or T independent antigens

A

T dependen antigens

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22
Q

cytokines play a role in what in T-dependent response

A

Play a role in which antibody isotype switching may occur

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23
Q

IL-4 induces ___ production

A

IgE

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24
Q

TGF-beta induces ___ production

A

IgA

25
Q

Describe IgM

A
  • macroglobulin
  • Mainly found within vascular system
  • defense against bloodborne pathogens
  • bacteremias
26
Q

All polymeric antibodies have J chains, including ___ and ___

A

IgM and IgA

27
Q

Describe IgG

A
  • major antibody class in blood and within tissues
  • protects newborn b/c only class to cross the placenta
  • protects against blood borne and tissue associated infections
28
Q

Subclasses of IgG

A

IgG1
IgG2

29
Q

Half life of IgG is

A

1 month

30
Q

IgG1 function

A

response to protein antigens

31
Q

IgG2 function

A

response to carbohydrate antigens

32
Q

What happens when there’s an in utero infection?

A
  • fetus can make IgM and IgG
  • can make high concentration of IgM (it’ll respond to infectious agent)
33
Q

At birth, how long are babies protected from infection? Then what happens?

A

5-6 months
Then newborns start to make antibodies and their levels are low

34
Q

___ receptor is responsible for transporting IgG from blood to tissue and for crossing the placenta

A

FcRn

35
Q

IgD function

A

No function

36
Q

IgE function

A
  • associated w/ allergic reactions
  • important in parasitic infections
37
Q

IgE receptor

A

FcepsilonRI

38
Q

IgA function

A
  • major antibody in external secretions
  • protects mucosal surfaces
39
Q

___ plays a role in active transport and has a protective effect in external secretions

A

secretory piece (SC)

40
Q

___ can go through same process as IgA in patients that lack IgA

A

IgM

41
Q

Steps for IgA binding to poly Ig receptor

A
  1. binding
  2. endocytosis into epithelial cell
  3. transported across cell and released through lumen of secretory gland
  4. receptor cleaved and IgA is bound to mucus through secretory piece
42
Q

saliva contains what Ig

A

sIgA

43
Q

gingival exudate has what Ig

A
  • mainly IgG
  • but also has IgM and IgA
44
Q

Gingival or cervicular fluid IgG to IgA ratio

A

More IgG than IgA and has high ratio

45
Q

Saliva ratio of IgA to IgG

A

19:1

46
Q

___ can degrade S-IgA1 and make it nonfunctional

A

IgA protease

47
Q

Describe Neutralization and what’s their Ig

A

antibody that neutralizes viruses or bacterial toxins
IgA and IgG

48
Q

Opsonization Ig

A

IgG

49
Q

Sensitization for killing by NK cells Ig

A

IgG

50
Q

Sensitization of mast cells Ig

A

IgE

51
Q

Describe the Activates complement system and what’s their Ig

A

also called lysins
cause disruption of cell membranes, especially in conjunction w/ the C system
IgM and IgG

52
Q

Describe agglutinins and their Ig class

A

enhance bacterial removal
IgM

53
Q

Describe opsonins and their Ig class

A

enhance phagocytosis
IgG

54
Q

Phagocytic cells have what 2 receptor types?

A

Fc and C3b (CR1 or C3b receptor)

55
Q

Describe anti-adherence and what’s their Ig class

A
  • prevents attachment of microbes to cells or hard surfaces
  • sIgA in saliva
56
Q

4 common Fc receptors

A

FcRn
FclambdaRI
FclambdaRIII (CD16)
FcepsilonRI

57
Q

Antibody dependent cell cytotoxicity involves NK cells which have ___ receptor

A

CD16

58
Q

Anti-CD20 is used today of part of ___

A

Targeted therapy in treating patients w/ B cell leukemias and lymphomas

59
Q

receptor for IgE. What’s the receptor expressed by?

A

FcepsilonR1
Mast cells and basophils and eosinophils

604 Immuno/Microbio - Exam 2 (5 decks)

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