2.3 Immune cells Flashcards
Granulocytes
dense cytoplasmic granules
- Neutrophil
Polymorphonuclear & Phagocytic
Take up a variety of microorganisms & destroy them in intracellular enzyme-filled vesicles.
Receptors:
- > TLR 4
- > Dectin 1
- > TLR 2
- > CR3
- > FcyR
- Eosinophil
Parasitic defence cells = less abundant
Eosinophils kill antibody coated parasites by releasing potent enzymes.
- Basophil
Basophils augment anti-parasitic immunity but also have a major role in allergic responses.
Myeloid cells
blood cells that arise from a progenitor cell for granulocytes, monocytes, erythrocytes, or platelets
- Monocyte
Immature precursor = short-lived
Found in BM and blood
Receptors:
- > Dectin 1
- > TLR 4
- > TLR 2
- > TLR 6
- > MR
Macrophage
Mature form = longer lived
- > Professional phagocyte
- > Produce factors (cytokines) that regulate local inflammation
-> Tissue resident macrophages
Receptors:
- > TLR 2 / 6 / 4 / 9
- > Dectin 1 / 2
- > FcyR
- > MR
- > CR 3
Adaptive immunity
effector cells
-> Immune cells are covered in receptors
- B - Cell
Antigen-bound B-cells give rise to plasma cells which produce immunoglobulins - Antibodies
- T -Cell
T-cells are more diverse in function
Antigen-binding can activate to Cytotoxic T-cell “killing”, Helper T-cell or Regulatory T-Cell
- Natural Killer
Poorly understood cell type
Thought to kill abnormal cells in the body, e.g. Tumour and virally infected cells
Dendritic cell
-> Platelets + Erythrocytes
Crucial link cell involved in innate & acquired immunity
- > Phagocyte that clears microorganisms
- Professional APC
- Long finger like processes
- Continually sample antigen
- Multiple types/functions
Receptors:
- > TLR 2 / 4 / 9
- > Dectin 1 / 2
- > MR
- > CR 3
- > DC - SKGN
CD 4
Receptors:
-> TLR 2 / 4
