Genetics Flashcards
What controls the development of different characteristics?
Genes.
How many chromosomes do most cells have?
23 pairs
What makes up a gene?
A double helix of DNA
What are the different types of the same gene called?
Alleles.
What is an allele?
A different form of a gene.
What sort of reproduction produces genetically different cells?
Sexual
What is sexual reproduction?
When genetic information from two organisms are combined to produce genetically different offspring
What are gametes?
The sex cells that fertilise together in sexual reproduction.
How many chromosomes are in a gamete?
23 chromosomes.
What is fertilisation?
When the egg and sperm cell fuse together.
What sort of reproduction produces genetically identical cells?
Asexual
What are offspring of mitosis like?
They’re genetically identical to their parents and siblings.
When is mitosis used?
Growth
Repair
Asexual reproduction
