Renal Drug Side Effects

Question 1

Contraindicated in gout, metabolic syndrome, glucose intolerance, pregnancy, hypercalcemia, hypokalemia; Volume depletion, hypokalemia, glucose intolerance and hypercholesterolemia, hyponatremia (?)

Answer 1

Hydrochlorthiazide, Chlorthiazide

Question 2

Can increase RAAS activity; Long term effect is to increase distal Na+ absorption; Electrolyte imbalances (decreased Mg, Na, K, Ca) Volume depletion, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hearing loss, hyperuricemia

Answer 2

Furosemide

Question 3

Bronchospastic airway disease, heart block, pulmonary edema, decreased HR, decreased BP, fatigue, dizziness, depression. Contraindicated in asthma, AV block, metabolic syndrome, glucose intolerance, athletes and physically active patients, COPD

Answer 3

Metoprolol, Carvedilol, Labetolol

Question 4

• Cough, increased K, decreased BP, Contraindicated in pregnancy, angioneurotic edema, hyperkalemia, bilateral renal artery stenosis

Answer 4

Captopril, Enalapril, Lisinopril

Question 5

• Increased K, decreased BP, Contraindicated in pregnancy, hyperkalemia, bilateral renal artery stenosis

Answer 5

Candesartan, Valsartan, Losartan

Question 6

Headache, flushing, peripheral edema

Answer 6

Amlodipine, Nifedipine

Question 7

• Decreased HR, peripheral edema, fatigue, dizziness, Contraindicated in CHF, AV block, severe LV dysfunction

Answer 7

Ditiazem

Question 8

• Decreased HR, constipation, Contraindicated in CHF, AV block, severe LV dysfunction

Answer 8

Verapamil

Question 9

Rebound hypertension if stopped suddenly

Answer 9

Clonidine

Question 10

Thiocyanate is a byproduct (bad), Blurred vision, tinnitus, disorientation, nasuas

Answer 10

Nitroprusside

Question 11

Increased intraocular pressure (do not use with glaucoma), Headache, dizziness, tachycardia

Answer 11

Fenoldopam

Question 12

• Bronchospastic airway disease, heart block, pulmonary edema, decreased HR, decreased BP, fatigue, dizziness, depression, Contraindicated in asthma, AV block, metabolic syndrome, glucose intolerance, athletes and physically active patients, COPD

Answer 12

Labetalol

Question 13

Headache, flushing, peripheral edema

Answer 13

Nicardipine

Question 14

• Hypertension, cushingoid appearance, diabetes, bone disease, hyperlipidemia, Higher risk for infection

Answer 14

Prednisone, Methyl-prednisone

Question 15

Higher risk for infection

Answer 15

Mycophenolic acid

Question 16

• Nephrotoxicity (interstitial fibrosis), hypertension, gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, hyperlipidemia, Higher risk for infection

Answer 16

Cyclosporin, Tacrolimus

Question 17

• Impaired wound healing, thrombocytopenia, Higher risk for infection

Answer 17

Rapamycin

Question 18

Higher risk for infection

Answer 18

Anti-thymocyte globulin (OKT3)

Question 19

High blood pressure, headache, joint pain, clotting at injection site

Answer 19

Epoetin alfa

Question 20

Stimulates excessive calcium reabsorption in the gut hypercalcemia and hyperphosphemia

Answer 20

Calcitrol

Question 21

May induce a positive Ca++ balance and have therefore fallen out of favor because of the fear of CV risk in these patients

Answer 21

CaCO3, Ca acetat

Question 22

Metabolic acidosis

Answer 22

Acetazolamide

Question 23

Hyperkalemia

Answer 23

Amlodipine, Triamterene

Question 24

Hyperkalemia, renal dysfunction, decreased BP, gynecomastia

Answer 24

Spirinolactone, Eplerenone