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Gross Anatomy 2 > Muscles Exam 2 > Flashcards

Muscles Exam 2 Flashcards

0
Q

Insertion of Supraspinatus

A

Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

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1
Q

Origin of Supraspinatus

A

Supraspinous fossa of scapula

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2
Q

Innervation of Supraspinatus

A

Suprascapular nerve (C4, C5 (main), C6)

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3
Q

Action of Supraspinatus

A

Initiates and assists deltoid I’m abduction of shoulder joint and acts with other rotator cuff muscles

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4
Q

Origin infraspinatus

A

Infraspinatus fossa of scapula

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5
Q

Insertion infraspinatus

A

Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus

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6
Q

Innervation of infraspinatus

A

Suprascapular nerve (C5 (main), C6)

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7
Q

Main action of infraspinatus

A
  1. Laterally rotate shoulder joint

2. Help hold humerus in glenoid cavity of scapula

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8
Q

Origin: Teres Minor

A

Middle border of the lateral border of the scapula

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9
Q

Insertion: Teres Minor

A

Inferior Facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

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10
Q

Innervation: Teres Minor

A

Axillary Nerve (C5 and C6)

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11
Q

Main Action: Teres Minor

A
  1. Laterally rotates shoulder joint

2. Helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula

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12
Q

Origin: Teres Major

A
  1. Inferior part of the lateral border of the scapula

2. Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

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13
Q

Insertion: Teres Major

A

Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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14
Q

Innervation: Teres Major

A

Lower subscapular nerve (C5 and C6)

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15
Q

Main Action: Teres Major

A

Adducts and medially rotates shoulder joint

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16
Q

Origin: Subscapularis

A

Subscapularis fossa of the scapula

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17
Q

Insertion: Subscapularis

A

Lesser tubercle of humerus

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18
Q

Innervation: Subscapularis

A

Upper and lower Subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7)

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19
Q

Main Action: Subscapularis

A
  1. Medially rotates and adducts shoulder joint

2. Helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

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20
Q

Origin: Deltoid

A
  1. Lateral 1/3 of the clavicle
  2. Acromion
  3. Spine of the scapula
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21
Q

Insertion: Deltoid

A

Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

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22
Q

Innervation: Deltoid

A

Axillary nerve (C5 and C6)

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23
Q

Action: Deltoid

A

Clavicular part: medial rotation
Acromial part: abduction
Spinous part: lateral rotation

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24
Q

Origin: Pectoralis Major

A
  1. Clavicular Head: Anterior surface of the middle half of the clavicle
  2. Sternocostal Head: Anterior surface of the sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, and aponeurosis of external oblique muscles
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25
Q

Insertion: Pectoralis Major

A

Lateral lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus

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26
Q

Innervation: Pectoralis Major

A

Lateral and medial pectoral nerve:

  1. Clavicular Head: C5 and C6
  2. Sternocostal Head: C7, C8, and T1
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27
Q

Main Action: Pecotralis Major

A
  1. Adducts and medially rotates shoulder joint, draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly
  2. Acting alone, Clavicular head flexes shoulder joint and sternocostal head extends it from the flexed position
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28
Q

Origin: Pectoralis Minor

A

3rd-5th ribs near their costal cartilages

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29
Q

Insertion: Pectoralis Minor

A
  1. Medial border of scapula

2. superior surface of coracoid process of scapula

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30
Q

Innervation: Pectoralis Minor

A

Medial pectoral nerve (C8 and T1)

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31
Q

Main Action: Pectoralis Minor

A

Stabilizes the scapula by drawing inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall

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32
Q

Origin: Subclavius

A

Junction of the 1st rib and its costal cartilage

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33
Q

Insertion: Subclavius

A

Inferior surface if middle 3rd of clavicle

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34
Q

Innervation: Subclavius

A

Subclavian nerve (C5 and C6)

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35
Q

Main Action: Subclavius

A

Anchors and depresses clavicle

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36
Q

Origin: Serratus Anterior

A

External surfaces of lateral parts of ribs 1-8

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37
Q

Insertion: Serratus Anterior

A

Anterior surface of medial border of scapula

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38
Q

Innervation: Serratus Anterior

A

Long Thoracic nerve (C5- C7)

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39
Q

Main Action: Serratus Anterior

A
  1. Protects scapula and holds against thoracic wall

2. Rotates Scapula

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40
Q

Origin: Brachioradialis

A

Proximal 2/3 of lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus

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41
Q

Insertion: Brachioradialis

A

Distal end of radius proximal to styloid process

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42
Q

Innervation: Brachioradialis

A

Radial nerve (C5-C7)

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43
Q

Main Action: Brachioradialis

A

Relatively weak Flexion of elbow joint maximal when forearm is in midpronated position

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44
Q

Origin: Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

A

Lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus

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45
Q

Insertion: Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

A

Dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal

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46
Q

Innervation: Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

A

Radial nerve (C6 and C7)

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47
Q

Main Action: Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

A

Extends and abducts wrist joint and is active during fist clenching

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48
Q

Origin: Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor origin)

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49
Q

Insertion: Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

A

Dorsal aspect of 3rd metacarpal

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50
Q

Innervation: Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

A

Deep branch of radial nerve (C7 and C8)

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51
Q

Main Action: Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

A

Extend and abduct wrist joint and is active during fist clenching

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52
Q

Origin: Extensor Digitorum

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

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53
Q

Insertion: Extensor Digitorum

A

Extensor expansions of medial 4 fingers

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54
Q

Innervation: Extensor Digitorum

A

Posterior interosseous nerve (C7 and C8)- continuation of deep branch of radial nerve

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55
Q

Main Action: Extensor Digitorum

A
  1. Extend wrist joint

2. Extends medial 4 fingers primarily at metacarpophalangeal joints and secondarily at interphalangeal joints

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56
Q

Origin: Extensor Digiti Minimi

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

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57
Q

Insertion: Extensor Digiti Minimi

A

Extensor expansion of 5th finger

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58
Q

Innervation: Extensor Digiti Minimi

A

Posterior interosseous nerve (C7 and C8) continuation of deep branch of radial nerve

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59
Q

Main Action: Extensor Digiti Minimi

A
  1. Extends wrist joint

2. Extends 5th finger primarily at metacarpophalangeal joint and secondarily at interphalangeal joint

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60
Q

Origin: Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

A
  1. Lateral epicondyle of humerus

2. Posterior border of ulna

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61
Q

Insertion: Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Dorsal aspect of base of 5th metacarpal

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62
Q

Innervation: Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Posterior interosseous nerve (C7 and C8) continuation of deep branch of radial nerve

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63
Q

Main Action: Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Extends and adducts wrist joint and is also active during fist clenching

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64
Q

Origin: Supinator

A
  1. Lateral epicondyle of humerus
  2. Radial Collateral and Anular Ligaments
  3. Supinator Fossa
  4. Crest of Ulna
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65
Q

Insertion: Supinator

A

Lateral, posterior, and anterior surfaces of proximal 1/3 of radius

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66
Q

Innervation: Supinator

A

Deep branch of radial nerve (C7 and C8)

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67
Q

Main Action: Supinator

A
  1. Supinates forearm

2. Rotates radius to turn palm anteriorly or superiorly if elbow is flexed

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68
Q

Origin: Abductor Pollicis Longus

A

Proximal halves of ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane

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69
Q

Insertion: Abductor Pollicis Longus

A

Base of 1st metacarpal

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70
Q

Innervation: Abductor Pollicis Longus

A

Posterior interosseous nerve (C7 and C8) continuation of deep branch of radial nerve

71
Q

Main Action: Abductor Pollicis Longus

A
  1. Extends wrist joint

2. Abducts thumb and extends it at carpometacarpal joint

72
Q

Origin: Extensor Pollicis Longus

A

Posterior surface of middle 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane

73
Q

Insertion: Extnsor Pollicis Longus

A

Dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb

74
Q

Innervation: Extensor Pollicis Longus

A

Posterior interosseous nerve (C7 and C8) continuation of deep branch of radial nerve

75
Q

Main Action: Extensor Pollicis Longus

A
  1. Extends wrist joint
  2. Extends distal phalanx of thumb at interphalangeal joint
  3. Extends metacarpophalangeal and carpometacarpal joints
76
Q

Origin: Extensor Pollicis Brevis

A

Posterior surface of distal 1/3 of radius and interosseous membrane

77
Q

Insertion: Extensor Pollicis Brevis

A

Dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

78
Q

Innervation: Extensor Pollicis Brevis

A

Posterior interosseous nerve (C7 and C8) continuation of deep branch of radial nerve

79
Q

Main Action: Extensor Pollicis Brevis

A
  1. Extends wrist joint
  2. Extends proximal phalanx of thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint
  3. Extends Carpometacarpal joint
80
Q

Origin: Extensor Indicis

A

Posterior surface of distal 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane

81
Q

Insertion: Extensor Indicis

A

Extensor expansion of 2nd finger

82
Q

Innervation: Extensor Indicis

A

Posterior interosseous nerve (C7 and C8) continuation of deep branch of radial nerve

83
Q

Main Action: Extensor Indicis

A
  1. Extends wrist joint
  2. Extends 2nd finger enabling its independent extension
  3. Helps extend hand at wrist
84
Q

Origin: Biceps Brachii

A

Short Head: tips of coracoid process of scapula

Long Head: supra glenoid tubercle of scapula

85
Q

Insertion: Biceps Brachii

A

Tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis

86
Q

Innervation: Biceps Brachii

A

Musculocutaneous Nerve (C5 and C6)

87
Q

Main Action: Biceps Brachii

A
  1. Supinates forearm and when it is Supinates flexes elbow joint
  2. Flexes shoulder joint
  3. Short head resists dislocation of shoulder
88
Q

Origin: Brachialis

A

Distal half of anterior surface of humerus

89
Q

Insertion: Brachialis

A

Coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna

90
Q

Innervation: Brachialis

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5 and C6)

91
Q

Main Action: Brachialis

A

Flexes elbow joint in all positions

92
Q

Origin: Coracobrachialis

A

Tip of coracoid process of scapula

93
Q

Insertion: Coracobrachialis

A

Middle 1/3 of medial surface of humerus

94
Q

Innervation: Coracobrachialis

A

Musculocutaneous Nerve (C5-C7)

95
Q

Main Action: Coracobrachialis

A
  1. Helps flex and adduct shoulder joint

2. Resists dislocation of shoulder

96
Q

Origin: Triceps Brachii

A

Long Head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral Head: posterior surface of humerus superior to radial groove
Medial Head: posterior surface of humerus inferior to radial groove

97
Q

Insertion: Triceps Brachii

A

Proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm

98
Q

Innervation: Triceps Brachii

A

Radial Nerve (C6-C8)

99
Q

Main Action: Triceps Brachii

A
  1. Chief extensor of elbow joint

2. Long head extends to shoulder joint and resists dislocation of humerus- important during abduction

100
Q

Origin: Pronator Teres

A
  1. Ulnar Head: coronoid process of ulna

2. Humeral Head: medial epicondyle of humerus

101
Q

Insertion: Pronator Teres

A

Middle of convexity of lateral surface of radius

102
Q

Innervation: Pronator Teres

A

Median nerve (C6 and C7)

103
Q

Main Action: Pronator Teres

A

Pronate and flexes forearm

104
Q

Origin: Flexor Carpi Radialis

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus

105
Q

Insertion: Flexor Carpi Radialis

A

Base of 2nd (3rd) metacarpal

106
Q

Innervation: Flexor Carpi Radialis

A

Median Nerve (C6 and C7)

107
Q

Main Action: Flexor Carpi Radialis

A

Flexes and abducts hand at wrist

108
Q

Origin: Palmaris Longus

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus

109
Q

Insertion: Palmaris Longus

A
  1. Distal half of flexor retinaculum

2. Palmar aponeurosis

110
Q

Innervation: Palmaris Longus

A

Median Nerve (C7 and C8)

111
Q

Main Action: Palmaris Longus

A

Flexes hand at wrist and tenses palmar aponeurosis

112
Q

Origin: Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Olecranon and posterior border of ulna

113
Q

Insertion: Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A
  1. Pisiform
  2. Hook of hamate
  3. 5th metacarpal
114
Q

Innervation: Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Ulnar Nerve ( C7 and C8)

115
Q

Main Action: Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Flexes and adducts hand at wrist

116
Q

Origin: Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

A
  1. Humero-ulnar Head: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
  2. Radial Head: oblique line of radius
117
Q

Insertion: Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

A

Shaft of middle phalanges of medial 4 digits

118
Q

Innervation: Flexor Digitorum Superficicalis

A

Median Nerve (C7-T1)

119
Q

Main Action: Fexor Digitorum Superficialis

A
  1. Flexes wrist joint
  2. Flexes proximal interphalangeal joints of middle 4 digits
  3. Flexes proximal phalanges at metacarpophalangeal joint
120
Q

Origin: Flexor Digitorum Profundus

A

Proximal 3/4 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane

121
Q

Insertion: Flexor Digitorum Profundus

A

Bases of distal phalanges of 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th digits

122
Q

Innervation: Flexor Digitorum Profundus

A
  1. Lateral part (to digits 2 and 3): Median nerve (C8 and T1)
  2. Medial part (to digits 4 and 5): Ulnar nerve (C8 and T1)
123
Q

Main Action: Flexor Digitorum Profundus

A
  1. Flexes wrist joint
  2. Flexes distal interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5
  3. Assists with wrist flexion
124
Q

Origin: Flexor Pollicis Longus

A

Anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane

125
Q

Insertion: Flexor Pollicis Longus

A

Base of distal phalanx of thumb

126
Q

Innervation: Flexor Pollicis Longus

A

Anterior interosseous nerve from medial nerve (C8 and T1)

127
Q

Main Action: Flexor Pollicis Longus

A
  1. Flexes wrist

2. Flexes metacarpophalangeal joint and interphalangeal joint of the thumb

128
Q

Origin: Pronator Quadratus

A

Distal quarter of anterior surface of ulna

129
Q

Insertion: Pronator Quadratus

A

Distal quarter of anterior surface of radius

130
Q

Innervation: Pronator Quadratus

A

Anterior interosseous nerve from median nerve (C8 and T1)

131
Q

Main Action: Pronator Quadratus

A
  1. Pronator forearm

2. Deep fibers bind radius and ulna together

132
Q

Origin: Opponens Pollicis

A

Flexor Retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

133
Q

Insertion: Opponens Pollicis

A

Lateral side of 1st metacarpal

134
Q

Innervation: Opponens Pollicis

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve (C8 and T1)

135
Q

Main Action: Opponens Pollicis

A

To oppose thumb it draws 1st metacarpal Medially to center of palm and rotates it medially

136
Q

Origin: Abductor Pollicis Brevis

A

Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

137
Q

Insertion: Abductor Pollicis Brevis

A

Base of proximal phalanx of thumb

138
Q

Innervation: Abductor Pollicis Brevis

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve (C8 and T1)

139
Q

Main Action: Abductor Pollicis Brevis

A

Abducts thumb and helps oppose it

140
Q

Origin: Adductor Pollicis (Oblique Head and Transverse Head)

A
  1. Bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, capitate, and adjacent carpals
  2. Anterior surface of shaft of 3rd metacarpal
141
Q

Insertion: Adductor Pollicis (Oblique Head and Transverse Head)

A

Base of proximal phalanx of thumb

142
Q

Innervation: Adductor Pollicis (Oblique Head and Transverse Head)

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 and T1)

143
Q

Main Action: Adductor Pollicis (Oblique Head and Transverse Head)

A

Adducts thumb toward lateral border of palm

144
Q

Origin: Flexor Pollicis Brevis (Superficial Head and Deep Head)

A

Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

145
Q

Insertion: Flexor Pollicis Brevis (Superficial Head and Deep Head)

A

Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

146
Q

Innervation: Flexor Pollicis Brevis (Superficial Head and Deep Head)

A
  1. Superficial head: Recurrent branch of median nerve (C8 and T1)
  2. Deep head: Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 and T1)
147
Q

Main Action: Flexor Pollicis Brevis (Superficial Head and Deep Head)

A

Flexes thumb

148
Q

Origin: Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

Pisiform

149
Q

Insertion: Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

Medial side of proximal phalanx of 5th finger

150
Q

Innervation: Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 and T1)

151
Q

Main Action: Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

Abducts 5th finger and assists in Flexion of its proximal phalanx

152
Q

Origin: Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

A

Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

153
Q

Insertion: Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

A

Base of proximal phalanx of 5th finger

154
Q

Main Action: Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

A

Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th finger

155
Q

Origin: Opponens Digiti Minimi

A

Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

156
Q

Insertion: Opponens Digiti Minimi

A

Medial border of 5th metacarpal

157
Q

Main Action: Opponens Digiti Minimi

A

Draws 5th metacarpal anterior and rotates it bringing 5th finger into opposition with thumb

158
Q

Innervation: Opponens Digiti Minimi

A

Deep Branch of ulnar nerve (C8 and T1)

159
Q

Origin: Lumbricals 1 and 2

A

Lateral 2 tendons of flexor Digitorum Profundus

160
Q

Insertion: Lumbricals 1 and 2

A

Lateral sides of extensor expansions of 2nd-5th fingers

161
Q

Innervation: Lumbricals 1 and 2

A

Median nerve (C8 and T1)

162
Q

Main Action: Lumbricals 1 and 2

A

Flex metacarpophalangeal joints and extend interphalangeal joints of 2nd-5th fingers

163
Q

Origin: Lumbricals 3 and 4

A

Medial 3 tendons of flexor Digitorum Profundus

164
Q

Insertion: Lumbricals 3 and 4

A

Lateral sides of extensor expansions of 2nd-5th fingers

165
Q

Innervation: Lumbricals 3 and 4

A

Median nerve (C8 and T1)

166
Q

Main Action: Lumbricals 3 and 4

A

Flex metacarpophalangeal joints and extend interphalangeal joints of 2nd-5th fingers

167
Q

Origin: Dorsal Interossei 1-4

A

Adjacent sides of 2 metacarpals

168
Q

Insertion: Dorsal Interossei 1-4

A

Bases of proximal phalanges and extensor expansions of 2nd-4th fingers

169
Q

Innervation: Dorsi Interossei 1-4

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 and T1)

170
Q

Main Action: Dorsal Interossei 1-4

A

Abduct 2nd-4th fingers from axial line and act with Lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints

171
Q

Origin: Palmer Interossei 1-3

A

Palmar surfaces of 2nd, 4th, and 5th metacarpals

172
Q

Insertion: Palmar Interossei 1-3

A

Bases of proximal phalanges and extensor expansions of 2nd, 4th, and 5th fingers

173
Q

Innervation: Palmar Interossei 1-3

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C7 and T1)

174
Q

Main Action: Palmar Interossei 1-3

A

Adduct 2nd, 4th, and 5th fingers towards axial line and assist Lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joint and extending interphalangeal joints

175
Q

Innervation: Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 and T1)

Gross Anatomy 2 (10 decks)

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