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Gross Anatomy 2 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

0
Q

What are the contents of the quadrangular space?

A
  1. The axillary nerve

2. The posterior circumflex humeral artery

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1
Q

What are the boundaries of the quadrangular space?

A
  1. Superior part of the Teres major
  2. Inferior part of the Teres minor
  3. Humerus
  4. Lateral border of the Long head of the triceps
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2
Q

What is the origin of the Suprascapular Nerve?

A

Superior trunk of the brachial plexus receiving fibers from C5, C6, and sometimes C4

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3
Q

What structures does the Suprascapular nerve innervate?

A
  1. Supraspinatus of the glenohumeral joint

2. Infraspinatus of the glenohumeral joint

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4
Q

What is the origin of the Axillary Nerve?

A

The terminal branch of the posterior cord receiving fibers from C5 and C6

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5
Q

What structures does the Axillary Nerve innervate?

A
  1. Glenohumeral joint
  2. Teres Minor
  3. Deltoid
  4. Skin of the Superolateral arm
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6
Q

What is the origin of the Dorsal Scapular Nerve?

A

Posterior aspect of the anterior ramus of C5 with frequent contributions from C4

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7
Q

What structures does the Dorsal Scapular Nerve innervate?

A
  1. Rhomboid Major
  2. Rhomboid Minor
  3. Levator Scapulae
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8
Q

What is the origin of the Long Thoracic Nerve?

A

The posterior aspect of anterior rami C5, C6, C7

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9
Q

What structures does the Long Thoracic Nerve innervate?

A

Serratus Anterior

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10
Q

What is the origin of the Subclavian Nerve?

A

Superior trunk receiving fibers from C5, C6, and sometimes C4

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11
Q

What structures does the Subclavian Nerve innervate?

A
  1. Subclavius

2. Sternoclavicular Joint (accessory phrenic root innervates diaphragm)

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12
Q

What is the origin of the Lateral Pectoral Nerve?

A

Side branch of the lateral cord receiving fibers from C5, C6, C7

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13
Q

What structures does the Lateral Pectoral Nerve innervate?

A

Pectoralis major and sometimes pectoralis minor

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14
Q

What is the origin of the Musculocutaneous Nerve

A

Terminal branch of the lateral cord receiving fibers from C5-C7

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15
Q

What structures does the Musculocutaneous Nerve innervates?

A
  1. Muscles of anterior compartments of the arm (corcobrachialis, biceps brachial, brachialis)
  2. Skin of lateral aspect of forearm
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16
Q

What is the origin of the Median Nerve?

A
  1. Lateral root: terminal branch of the lateral cord receiving fibers from C6 and C7
  2. Medial Root: terminal branch of the medial cords receiving fibers from C8 and T1
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17
Q

What structures does the Median Nerve innervate?

A
  1. Muscles of the anterior forearm compartment
  2. 5 intrinsic muscles in thenar half of Palm
  3. Palmer skin
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18
Q

What is the origin of the Medial Pectoral Nerve?

A

Side branches of medial cord recieving fibers from C8 and T1

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19
Q

What structures does the Medial Pectoral Nerve innervate?

A
  1. Pectoralis minor

2. Sternocostal part of Pectoralis major

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20
Q

What is the origin of the Medial Cutaneous Nerve of the Arm?

A

Side branch of the medial cord receiving fibers from C8 and T1

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21
Q

What structures are innervated by the Medial Cutaneous Nerve of the Arm?

A

Skin of medial sides of arm

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22
Q

What is the origin of the Medial Cutaneous Nerve of the Forearm?

A

Side branches of the medial cord receiving fibers from C8 and T1

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23
Q

What structures does the Medial Cutaneous Nerve of the Forearm innervate?

A

Skin of medial side of the forearm

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24
Q

What is the origin of the Ulnar Nerve?

A

Larger terminal branch of the medial cord receiving fiber from C8, T1, and sometimes C7

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25
Q

What structures does the Ulnar Nerve innervate?

A
  1. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
  2. Ulnar half of Flexor Digitorum Profundus
  3. Most intrinsic muscles of hand
  4. Skin of hand medial to axial line of digit 4
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26
Q

What is the origin of the Upper Subscapular Nerve?

A

Side branch of posterior cord receiving fibers from C5

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27
Q

What structures does the Upper Subscapular Nerve innervate?

A

Superior portion of Subscapularis

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28
Q

What is the origin of the Lower Subscapular Nerve?

A

Side branch of posterior cord receiving fibers from C6

29
Q

What structures does the Lower Subscapular Nerve innervate?

A
  1. Inferior portion of the Subscapularis

2. Teres Major

30
Q

What is the origin of the Thoracodorsal Nerve?

A

Side branch of the posterior cord receiving fibers from C6, C7, and C8

31
Q

What structures does the Thoracodorsal Nerve innervate?

A

Latissimus Dorsi

32
Q

What is the origin of the Radial Nerve?

A

Larger terminal branch of posterior cord (largest branch of plexus) receiving fibers from C5-T1

33
Q

What structures does the Radial Nerve innervate?

A
  1. All muscles of the posterior compartments of the arm and forearm
  2. Skin of posterior and inferolateral arm, posterior forearm, and dorsum of hand lateral to axial line of digit 4
34
Q

What is the origin of the Suprascapular Artery?

A

Thyrocervical (or as a direct branch of the subclavian artery)

35
Q

What is the origin of the Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery?

A

3rd part of the axillary artery

36
Q

Where is the First Part of the Axillary Artery located?

A

Between the 1st rib and the Pectoralis minor

37
Q

How many branches does the First Part of the Axillary Artery have and what are they?

A

It has 1 branch called the Superior Thoracic Artery

38
Q

Where is the Second Part of the Axillary Artery located?

A

Posterior to the Pectoralis Minor

39
Q

How many branches does the Second Part of the Axillary Artery have and what are they?

A

It has 2 branches and they are:

  1. Thoraco-acromial Artery
  2. Lateral Thoracic Artery
40
Q

Where the is Third Part of the Axillary Artery Located?

A

It extends from the lateral border of the Pectoralis Minor to the inferior border of the Teres Major

41
Q

How many branches does the Third Part of the Axillary Artery have and what are they?

A

It has 3 branches and they are:

  1. Subscapular Artery
  2. Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery
  3. Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery
42
Q

What are the terminal branches of the Subscapular Artery?

A
  1. Circumflex Scapular Artery

2. Thoracodorsal Artery

43
Q

What does the Brachial Artery supply?

A

It is the main arterial supply of the arm

44
Q

Where does the Brachial Artery begin?

A

It is a continuation of the Axillary Artery and it begins at the inferior border of the Teres Major

45
Q

What is the Profunda Brachii a division of?

A

It is a division of the Brachial Artery

46
Q

What is the origin of the Profunda Brachii Artery?

A

Near the origin of the Brachial Artery near the middle of the arm

47
Q

What is the origin of the Ulnar Artery?

A

Larger terminal branch of brachial artery in the cubital fossa

48
Q

What is the origin of the Radial Artery?

A

Smaller terminal branch of the brachial artery in the cubital fossa

49
Q

What is the lateral eminence called?

A

Thenar eminence

50
Q

What is the Medial Eminence of the hand called

A

Hypothenar eminence- this is the smaller of the 2

51
Q

Where is the Thenar Eminence located?

A

At the base of the thumb

52
Q

Where is the Hypothenar Eminence located?

A

Proximal to the base of the 5th finger

53
Q

Where is the fascia of the palm thick?

A

In the center of the palm where it forms the Palmer aponeurosis and in the fingers where is forms the digital sheaths

54
Q

What are the fibrous digital sheaths?

A

Ligamentous tubes that enclose the flexor tendons and their synovial sheaths

55
Q

What compartment is medial to the medial fibrous septum and what does it contain?

A

Medial/Hypothenar compartment containing the Hypothenar muscles

56
Q

What compartment is lateral to the lateral fibrous septum and what does it contain?

A

Lateral/Thenar compartment containing the Thenar muscles

57
Q

What compartment is between the Thenar and Hypothenar compartments and what does it contain?

A

Central compartment containing the flexor tendon and their sheaths, the lumbrical muscles, the superficial palmar arterial arch, and the digital vessels and nerves

58
Q

What compartment is the deepest muscular plane of the palm and what does it contain?

A

Adductor compartment containing the adductor Pollicis

59
Q

Where is the Thenar space and and midpalmar space located?

A

Between the flexor tendons and the fascia covering the deep palmar muscles

60
Q

What forms the Thenar eminence?

A

Thenar muscles

61
Q

What are the Thenar muscles responsible for?

A

Opposition of the thumb

62
Q

At what joint does opposition of the thumb occur?

A

Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb

63
Q

What forms the Hypothenar eminence?

A

Hypothenar muscles

64
Q

What is the action of the dorsal interossei muscles?

A

Abduct the finger (DAB)

65
Q

What is the action of the palmar interossei muscles?

A

Adduct the fingers (PAD)

66
Q

What is the main contributor of the superficial palmar arch?

A

Deep (palmar) branch of the ulnar artery

67
Q

What digital arteries does the superficial palmar arch give rise to?

A

3 Common palmar digital arteries

68
Q

What arteries do the common palmar digital arteries anastomoses with?

A

Palmar metacarpal arteries from the deep palmar arch

69
Q

What do the common palmar digital arteries divide into?

A

A pair of proper palmar digital arteries

70
Q

What forms the deep palmar arch?

A

Radial artery and deep branch of the ulnar artery but mainly the radial artery

Gross Anatomy 2 (10 decks)

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