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NP > Hematologic System > Flashcards

Hematologic System Flashcards

1
Q

Anemia

definition

A

Decrease in number or function of RBCs

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1
Q

RBC function

A

Carry oxygen

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2
Q

Polycythemia

definition

A

Increase in number of RBCs

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3
Q

Site of formation of new blood elements in an adult

A

Bone marrow

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4
Q

Hematopoiesis

def

A

Formation of new blood elements

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5
Q

Site of hematopoiesis in the fetal period

A

Spleen
Liver
Lymph nodes

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6
Q

Role of spleen in adult

A

Filter out

infectious organisms
malformed, damaged, or old RBCs

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8
Q

How is RBC production stimulated?

A

kidneys secrete erythropoietin (EPO) stimulating the bone marrow to produce RBCs

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8
Q

Hematocrit

def, normal range

A

Percent of the blood that is RBCs

40-50% men
35-45% women

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9
Q

S/sx of anemia

A

TACHYCARDIA - effort to increase perfusion to the tissues
PALLOR - blood be shunted to brain, central organs
DOE - as a result of heart and lungs struggling to keep up with demand

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10
Q

Hemoglobin

def, normal range

A

Molecule of RBC that carries O2

14-18 g/dl men
12-16 g/dl women

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11
Q

RBCs are also known as

A

Erythrocytes

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12
Q

Serum Iron

normal range

A

50-150 mcg/dL

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13
Q

TIBC

stands for, normal range

A

Total Iron Binding Capacity

250-450 mcg/dL

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15
Q

MCV

def, normal range

A

Mean Corpuscular Volume

average volume and size of RBC

80-100 fl

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16
Q

MCHC

def, normal range

A

Mean Corpuscular Hgb Concentration

average hemoglobin concentration in RBC; “color”

32-36%

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17
Q

Low MCV

range, AKA

A

< 80 fl

aka MICROCYTIC

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18
Q

Normal MCV

range, AKA

A

80-100 fl

aka NORMOCYTIC

18
Q

Low MCHC

range, AKA

A

< 32%

aka HYPOCHROMIC

19
Q

High MCV

range, AKA

A

> 100 fl

aka MACROCYTIC

20
Q

Normal MCHC

range, AKA

A

32-36%

aka NORMOCHROMIC

21
Q

High MCHC

range, AKA

A

theoretically > 36%

but most texts agree there’s no such thing as HYPERCHROMIC

22
Q

Anemia pairs:

MICRO-cytic

HYPO-chromic

A

Iron deficiency anemia

Thalassemia

23
Q

Iron deficiency anemia

___ -cytic, ___ -chromic

A

MICRO-cytic

HYPO-chromic

24
Q

Thalassemia

___ -cytic, ___ -chromic

A

MICRO-cytic

HYPO-chromic

25
Q

Anemia pairs:

MACRO-cytic

NORMO-chromic

A

Folic acid deficiency

Pernicious anemia

26
Q

Folic acid deficiency

___ -cytic, ___ -chromic

A

MACRO-cytic

NORMO-chromic

27
Q

Pernicious anemia

___ -cytic, ___ -chromic

A

MACRO-cytic

NORMO-chromic

28
Q

Anemia pairs:

NORMO-cytic

NORMO-chromic

A

Anemia of chronic disease

Sickle cell anemia

29
Q

Anemia of chronic disease

___ -cytic, ___ -chromic

A

NORMO-cytic

NORMO-chromic

30
Q

Sickle cell anemia

___ -cytic, ___ -chromic

A

NORMO-cytic

NORMO-chromic

31
Q

Which anemias are characterized by a BIG BEEFY TONGUE?

aka GLOSSITIS

A

Folic acid deficiency

Pernicious anemia

32
Q

What’s the only anemia characterized by neurological symptoms?

A

Pernicious anemia

33
Q

What is the only anemia described as hemolytic?

A

Sickle cell anemia

34
Q

What is the long name for vitamin B12?

A

Cyanocobalamin

35
Q

What does serum ferritin represent?

A

The stores of iron in the CLOSET

36
Q

RDW in iron deficiency anemia

A

increased

37
Q

RCDW/RDW

A

Red Cell Distribution Width
red cell size variation

11.5 - 14.5 %
provides clues to differentiate between different anemias

38
Q

RDW in thalassemia

A

slightly increased or normal

39
Q

RDW in anemia of chronic disease

A

normal

40
Q

What is a reticulocyte?

A

baby RBC

41
Q

What is the normal range of reticulocytes in circulation?

A

1 - 2 %

42
Q

What does reticulocyte count tell you?

A

provides information about the health of bone marrow and response to anemia

NP (76 decks)

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