G & D - Theorists

Question 1

What was the focus of Jean Piaget’s theory?

Answer 1

Cognitive development

“What does the child KNOW?”

Question 2

What are Piaget’s stages of cognitive development?

Answer 2

Sensorimotor
Pre-operational - Preconceptual & Intuitive
Concrete thinking
Formal operational

Question 3

Sensorimotor
age?
defining feature?

Answer 3

Birth to 2 years

object permanence

Question 4

Pre-operational - Preconceptual
age?
defining feature?

Answer 4

2 to 4 years

egocentrism

Question 5

Pre-operational - Intuitive
age?
defining feature?

Answer 5

4 to 7 years

beginning of causation

Question 6

Concrete thinking
age?
defining feature?

Answer 6

7 to 11 years

conservation of number
logical operations

Question 7

Formal operational
age?
defining feature?

Answer 7

11 to 15 years

abstract thinking
logical conclusions

Question 8

What was the focus of Erikson’s theory?

Answer 8

Psychosocial development

Major “versus” tasks at each stage

Erikson = Viking = Versus

Question 9

Erikson - INFANCY characterized by:

Answer 9

trust vs. mistrust

Question 10

Erikson - TODDLER characterized by:

Answer 10

autonomy vs. shame and doubt

Question 11

Erikson - PRESCHOOL characterized by:

Answer 11

initiatve vs. guilt

Question 12

Erikson - SCHOOL AGE characterized by:

Answer 12

industry vs. inferiority

Question 13

Erikson - ADOLESCENCE characterized by:

Answer 13

identity vs. role confusion

Question 14

What was the focus of Freud’s theory?

Answer 14

Three stages of personality development

Stages of psychosexual development

Question 15

Freud - 3 stages of personality development?

Answer 15

Id - pleasure
Ego - reality/self-interest
Superego - morality/conscience

Question 16

Freud’s stages of psychosexual development

Answer 16

Oral - infancy
     passive - birth to 6 months
     aggressive - 7 to 18 months
Anal - toddler 
Phallic - preschool 
Latency - school age
Genital - adolescence

Question 17

Freud - what stages does an infant go through?

Answer 17

Oral stage - passive then aggressive

Question 18

Freud - what stage does a toddler go through?

Answer 18

Anal

Question 19

Freud - what stage does a preschooler go through?

Answer 19

Phallic (love of opposite sex, Oedipal complex)

Question 20

Freud - what stage dose a school age child go through?

Answer 20

Latency

Question 21

Freud - what stage does an adolescent go through?

Answer 21

Genital

Question 22

Erikson -

what is the “cornerstone of vital personality”?

Answer 22

basic trust

Question 23

Centration

Answer 23

Erikson’s term for a pre-operational child who can only focus on one aspect of a situation before

Question 24

Egocentrism

Answer 24

Erikson

the tendency of children to regard their environment in terms of only their own point of view

Question 25

Animism

Answer 25

Erikson

a child projecting the ability to think/feel on an inanimate object