Zecharia Flashcards
רָאִ֣יתִי ׀ הַלַּ֗יְלָה וְהִנֵּה־אִישׁ֙ רֹכֵב֙ עַל־ס֣וּס אָדֹ֔ם וְה֣וּא עֹמֵ֔ד בֵּ֥ין הַֽהֲדַסִּ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּמְּצֻלָ֑ה וְאַֽחֲרָיו֙ סוּסִ֣ים אֲדֻמִּ֔ים שְׂרֻקִּ֖ים וּלְבָנִֽים
Book of Zechariah. The four horses An angel appears to Zacharia and tells Z what the angel has seen. He saw a man riding a red horse standing in the myrtle bushes. Behind him are three other horses - a red horse,sorrel, and white. הדסים - myrtle bushes
אוָֽאֶשָּׂ֥א אֶת־עֵינַ֖י וָאֵ֑רֶא וְהִנֵּ֖ה אַרְבַּ֥ע קְרָנֽוֹת: בוָֽאֹמַ֗ר אֶל־הַמַּלְאָ֛ךְ הַדֹּבֵ֥ר בִּ֖י מָה־אֵ֑לֶּה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֔י אֵ֤לֶּה הַקְּרָנוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר זֵר֣וּ אֶת־יְהוּדָ֔ה אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וִירוּשָׁלָֽם: גוַיַּרְאֵ֣נִי ה אַרְבָּעָ֖ה חָרָשִֽׁים
Zechariah. Four horns/four smithsSecond vision of Zacharia. The four horns represent power, the political-miliary powers that caused Jews to scatter. זרו - to scatter חרשים - craftsman, artistan
וָֽאֶשָּׂ֥א עֵינַ֛י וָאֵ֖רֶא וְהִנֵּה־אִ֑ישׁ וּבְיָד֖וֹ חֶ֥בֶל מִדָּֽה: ווָֽאֹמַ֕ר אָ֖נָה אַתָּ֣ה הֹלֵ֑ךְ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֗י לָמֹד֙ אֶת־יְר֣וּשָׁלַ֔ם לִרְא֥וֹת כַּמָּֽה־רָחְבָּ֖הּ וְכַמָּ֥ה אָרְכָּֽהּ:
Book of Zechariah. The man with the measuring rope.Angels third vision. A man is measuring so that Jerusalem can be rebuilt. חבל - rope מדה - size, measurement “To measure Jerusalem … to see how long and wide it is to be.”
וַֽאֲנִ֤י אֶֽהְיֶה־לָּהּ֙ נְאֻם־ה ח֥וֹמַת אֵ֖שׁ סָבִ֑יב וּלְכָב֖וֹד אֶהְיֶ֥ה בְתוֹכָֽהּ
Book of Zechariah. God will be a wall of fire around J’lem Part of the Angels third vision. We might have thought the man with the measuring rope was building walls, but people will be outside the walls & God will protect them as well. So really.. Jerusalem is without measure. What the hell did we need the measuring guy for?
וַיַּרְאֵ֗נִי אֶת־יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ֙ הַכֹּהֵ֣ן הַגָּד֔וֹל עֹמֵ֕ד לִפְנֵ֖י מַלְאַ֣ךְ ה וְהַשָּׂטָ֛ן עֹמֵ֥ד עַל־יְמִינ֖וֹ לְשִׂטְנֽוֹ
Book of Zechariah. Joshua and the Satan.The fourth vision that the angel tells Zacharia. He saw a kind of trial. A (different) angel of God is standing as Judge, Joshua is standing before him and Satan is to his right, accusing him (really, satan just means “the accuser”)
וַיַּ֣עַן וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אֶל־הָעֹֽמְדִ֤ים לְפָנָיו֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הָסִ֛ירוּ הַבְּגָדִ֥ים הַצֹּאִ֖ים מֵעָלָ֑יו וַ֣יֹּאמֶר אֵלָ֗יו רְאֵ֨ה הֶעֱבַ֤רְתִּי מֵעָלֶ֨יךָ֙ עֲוֹנֶ֔ךָ וְהַלְבֵּ֥שׁ אֹֽתְךָ֖ מַֽחֲלָצֽוֹת:
Book of Zechariah. Joshuah’s change of clothesFourth vision of the angel. The angel of God purifies Joshuah by changing his clothes. It could be an allusion to the fact that Joshuah’s sons were no longer married to their foreign wives. יען - conjunction, not translated הסירו - remove צואים - filthy מחלצות - fancy clothing
שְֽׁמַֽע־נָ֞א יְהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ ׀ הַכֹּהֵ֣ן הַגָּד֗וֹל אַתָּה֙ וְרֵעֶ֨יךָ֙ הַיֹּֽשְׁבִ֣ים לְפָנֶ֔יךָ כִּֽי־אַנְשֵׁ֥י מוֹפֵ֖ת הֵ֑מָּה כִּֽי־הִנְנִ֥י מֵבִ֛יא אֶת־עַבְדִּ֖י צֶֽמַח: כִּ֣י ׀ הִנֵּ֣ה הָאֶ֗בֶן אֲשֶׁ֤ר נָתַ֨תִּי֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ עַל־אֶ֥בֶן אַחַ֖ת שִׁבְעָ֣ה עֵינָ֑יִם הִֽנְנִ֧י מְפַתֵּ֣חַ פִּתֻּחָ֗הּ נְאֻם֙ ה צְבָא֔וֹת וּמַשְׁתִּ֛י אֶת־עֲוֹ֥ן הָאָֽרֶץ־הַהִ֖יא בְּי֥וֹם אֶחָֽד
Book of Zechariah. My servant Tzemah; the stone with seven eyes; sin wiped out Fourth vision of the angel. Joshuah is accused by Satan and judged by an angel of God. The angel of God purifies Joshuah by changing his clothes and tells him the following line. The men helping Joshuah are a sign that God will send צמח to purify the land of Israel in one day. מופת - sign צמח - lit “sprout”. Here it means God’s servant. It could refer to a dude name tzemach, or the messiah “the sprout of King David”, or Zerubavel. No one really knows.
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֔י מָ֥ה אַתָּ֖ה רֹאֶ֑ה וָיאֹמַ֡ר [וָֽאֹמַ֡ר] רָאִ֣יתִי ׀ וְהִנֵּ֣ה מְנוֹרַת֩ זָהָ֨ב כֻּלָּ֜הּ וְגֻלָּ֣הּ עַל־רֹאשָׁ֗הּ וְשִׁבְעָ֤ה נֵרֹֽתֶ֨יהָ֙ עָלֶ֔יהָ שִׁבְעָ֤ה וְשִׁבְעָה֙ מֽוּצָק֔וֹת לַנֵּר֖וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־רֹאשָֽׁהּ: וּשְׁנַ֥יִם זֵיתִ֖ים עָלֶ֑יהָ אֶחָד֙ מִימִ֣ין הַגֻּלָּ֔ה וְאֶחָ֖ד עַל־שְׂמֹאלָֽהּ
Book of Zechariah. The menorah and two olive treesThe angel wakes up Zacharia and asks him what he sees. גלה - Its wave, or its bowl. The top part of the Menorahl מוצקות - either solid or a pipe which is part of the menorah. It means that not by might and not by power will we succede, but only w/the help of God.
וַיַּ֜עַן וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלַי֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר זֶ֚ה דְּבַר־ה אֶל־זְרֻבָּבֶ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר לֹ֤א בְחַ֨יִל֙ וְלֹ֣א בְכֹ֔חַ כִּ֣י אִם־בְּרוּחִ֔י אָמַ֖ר ה צְבָאֽוֹת
Book of Zechariah. “No-ot by mi-ight and no-o-ot by power (power power)What God says to Zerubavel. It wasn’t an army that allowed the second building of the Temple. It was because God influenced Darius to allow the Jews to rebuild the Temple.
ואָשׁ֕וּב וָֽאֶשָּׂ֥א עֵינַ֖י וָֽאֶרְאֶ֑ה וְהִנֵּ֖ה מְגִלָּ֥ה עָפָֽה
Book of Zechariah. The flying scrollZacharia lifts his eyes a second time and sees a flying scroll. The scroll represents its written contents. In this case, it represents God’s curse to anyone who swears falsely. God had been lenient up till now, but now he’s going to crack down on the false swearers.
הוַיֵּצֵ֕א הַמַּלְאָ֖ךְ הַדֹּבֵ֣ר בִּ֑י וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֔י שָׂ֣א נָ֤א עֵינֶ֨יךָ֙ וּרְאֵ֔ה מָ֖ה הַיּוֹצֵ֥את הַזֹּֽאת: ווָֽאֹמַ֖ר מַה־הִ֑יא וַיֹּ֗אמֶר זֹ֤את הָֽאֵיפָה֙ הַיּוֹצֵ֔את וַיֹּ֕אמֶר זֹ֥את עֵינָ֖ם בְּכָל־הָאָֽרֶץ: זוְהִנֵּ֛ה כִּכַּ֥ר עֹפֶ֖רֶת נִשֵּׂ֑את וְזֹאת֙ אִשָּׁ֣ה אַחַ֔ת יוֹשֶׁ֖בֶת בְּת֥וֹךְ הָֽאֵיפָֽה: חוַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙ זֹ֣את הָֽרִשְׁעָ֔ה וַיַּשְׁלֵ֥ךְ אֹתָ֖הּ אֶל־תּ֣וֹךְ הָֽאֵיפָ֑ה וַיַּשְׁלֵ֛ךְ אֶת־אֶ֥בֶן הָֽעוֹפֶ֖רֶת אֶל־פִּֽיהָ:
Book of Zechariah. The woman in the flying tubאיפה - an ancient measurement. Or a tub, apparently. עופרת - lead ככר - a talent (meaning a unit of measure) The ephah and the lead symbolize the sin of false weights and measures that lead to the exile, in which the people were carried off from their land to Babylonia. Rashi says the large measuring vessel measures out punishment to the wicked.
וָֽאָשֻׁ֗ב וָֽאֶשָּׂ֤א עֵינַי֙ וָֽאֶרְאֶ֔ה וְהִנֵּ֨ה אַרְבַּ֤ע מַרְכָּבוֹת֙ יֹֽצְא֔וֹת מִבֵּ֖ין שְׁנֵ֣י הֶֽהָרִ֑ים וְהֶֽהָרִ֖ים הָרֵ֥י נְחֽשֶׁת
Book of Zechariah. Four chariotsמרכבות - chariots The four chariots symbolize the four directions, therefore covering all the earth. They can also be symbolizing the four kingdoms that had dominion over Israel after the destruction of the Temple - Babylonia, Persia-Media, Greece, and Rome
אֱמֹר֙ אֶל־כָּל־עַ֣ם הָאָ֔רֶץ וְאֶל־הַכֹּֽהֲנִ֖ים לֵאמֹ֑ר כִּֽי־צַמְתֶּ֨ם וְסָפ֜וֹד בַּֽחֲמִישִׁ֣י וּבַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י וְזֶה֙ שִׁבְעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה הֲצ֥וֹם צַמְתֻּ֖נִי אָֽנִי
Book of Zechariah. Did I ask you to fast?Observant Jews in the diaspora ask if they should still observe the fast of the ninth of av (since the Temple is being rebuilt). Zacharia responds and includes Tzom Gedaliah (השביעי) God replies that he did not decide that people should fast on that day. The disasters were brought about by their sins and because they ignored the prophets exhortations. If the people would end their sins, there would be no reason to fast.
כֹּֽה־אָמַר ה צְבָא֗וֹת צ֣וֹם הָֽרְבִיעִ֡י וְצ֣וֹם הַֽחֲמִישִׁי֩ וְצ֨וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י וְצ֣וֹם הָֽעֲשִׂירִ֗י יִֽהְיֶ֤ה לְבֵית־יְהוּדָה֙ לְשָׂשׂ֣וֹן וּלְשִׂמְחָ֔ה וּֽלְמֹֽעֲדִ֖ים טוֹבִ֑ים וְהָֽאֱמֶ֥ת וְהַשָּׁל֖וֹם אֱהָֽבוּ
Book of Zechariah. The fasts will become festivals.Prophecy of restoration, joy.
דכֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר ה אֱלקי רְעֵ֖ה אֶת־צֹ֥אן הַֽהֲרֵגָֽה:…וָֽאֶרְעֶה֙ אֶת־צֹ֣אן הַֽהֲרֵגָ֔ה לָכֵ֖ן עֲנִיֵּ֣י הַצֹּ֑אן וָֽאֶקַּח־לִ֞י שְׁנֵ֣י מַקְל֗וֹת לְאַחַ֞ד קָרָ֤אתִי נֹ֨עַם֙ וּלְאַחַד֙ קָרָ֣אתִי חֹֽבְלִ֔ים וָֽאֶרְעֶ֖ה אֶת־הַצֹּֽאן:
Book of Zechariah. Zechariah tends the sheep going to slaughter; his two shepherd’s staves, Favor and Unity. The shepherds are a metaphor for political leaders. Favor refers to the covenant between God and Israel. God breaks favor. Unity is the brotherhood between Israel and Judah. God breaks unity in two. In ANE literature, shepherds are common metaphors for political leaders. רעה - to heard, to guide.
