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Cells As The Basis Of Life > 2.5 - Cell Division (Binary Fission and Mitosis) > Flashcards

2.5 - Cell Division (Binary Fission and Mitosis) Flashcards

1
Q

Cells divide for what three main reasons?

A
  1. To asexually reproduce
    (Binary Fission - Prokaryotes)
  2. To grow and repair tissue
    (Mitosis - Eukaryotes)
  3. To form gamete (eggs and sperm) for sexual reproduction
    (Meiosis - Eukaryotes)
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2
Q

What cell division process do prokaryotes undergo?

A

Binary Fission

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3
Q

What are the steps of binary fission?

A
  1. Single, circular chromosome replicates and fixes to the membrane.
  2. The membrane expands and grows apart.
  3. A new membrane forms between the two ring of DNA.
  4. Cells separate into two identical daughter cells, each with their own circular chromosome.
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4
Q

What is the first step of binary fission?

A

Single, circular chromosome replicates and fixes to the membrane.

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5
Q

What is the second step of binary fission?

A

The membrane expands and grows apart.

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6
Q

What is the third step of binary fission?

A

A new membrane forms between the two rings of DNA.

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7
Q

What is the fourth step of binary fission?

A

Cells separate into two identical daughter cells, each with their own circular chromosome.

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8
Q

What cell division process do eukaryotes undergo?

A

Mitosis and meiosis.

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9
Q

What are the products of mitosis?

A

Two identical daughter cells which are diploid.

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10
Q

What is mitosis used for?

A

Used for growth and repair of tissue and cells

new skin, blood cells, stomach lining

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11
Q

What are the steps of mitosis?

A
  1. INTERPHASE: Cell grows and chromosomes replicate.
  2. PROPHASE: Duplicated chromosomes condense.
  3. METAPHASE: Chromosome pairs align in the centre of the cell (metaphase plate).
  4. ANAPHASE: Spindle fibres pull chromosomes to opposite ends of the cell.
  5. TELOPHASE: Cell pinches in the middle (cleavage furrow)
  6. CYTOKINESIS: Cells separate, forming two identical daughter cells.
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12
Q

What is step 1 of mitosis?

A

INTERPHASE

Cell grows and chromosomes replicate.

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13
Q

What is step 2 of mitosis?

A

PROPHASE

Duplicated chromosomes condense.

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14
Q

What is step 3 of mitosis?

A

METAPHASE

Chromosome pairs align in the centre of the cell (metaphase plate)

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15
Q

What is step 4 of mitosis?

A

ANAPHASE

Spindle fibres pull chromosomes to opposite ends of the cell

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16
Q

What is step 5 of mitosis?

A

TELOPHASE

Cell pinches in the middle (cleavage furrow)

17
Q

What is step 6 of mitosis?

A

CYTOKINESIS

Cells separate, forming two identical daughter cells.

Cells As The Basis Of Life (8 decks)

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