Regulation of Arterial Pressure

Question 1

Locations of baroreceptors governing ANS control of BP

Answer 1

Aortic arch and carotid sinuses

Signal carried to medulla and pons via CN IX and X

Question 2

Two variables that determine arterial pressure

Answer 2

Cardiac output and total peripheral resistance

Question 3

Ways that the nervous system controls arterial pressure

Answer 3

Baroreceptors in carotid sinus and aortic arch

Chemoreceptors in CNS

Question 4

Hormonal response to decreased BP

Answer 4

Low BP is detected in kidneys by mechanoreceptors and macula densa. Renin is released. Angiotensin II vasoconstricts, constricts efferent arteriole, increases Na+ reabsorption at proximal tubule, releases aldosterone. Aldosteron increases Na+ reabsorption at distal tubule.

Question 5

ADH

Answer 5

Released from posterior pituitary in response to high serum osmolarity or low BP. Increases H20 reabsorption at distal tubule and collecting duct (V2) and vasoconstriction (V1).

Question 6

SIADH

Answer 6

Syndrome of inappropriate ADH

ADH is released inappropriately leading to hypotonic state w/ excess H20