Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology > chapter 16 Spelling Words > Flashcards

chapter 16 Spelling Words Flashcards

1
Q

testosterone

A
  • the male hormone secreted by the testicles
  • responsible to the secondary sex characteristics that occur with the onset of puberty that include deepening of the voice, facial hair, and growth of pubic hair
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

testes

A
  • male sex glands

- also called the male gonads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

scrotum

A
  • where the testicles live

- a sac posterior to the penis and suspended from the perineum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

perineum

A

-the area between the scrotum and the anus in the male

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

testicle

A
  • a singular male sex organ
  • it remains suspended in the scrotal sac by a spermatic cord that contains blood and lymphatic vessels, nerves, and the vas deferens
  • must remain suspended from the scrotal sac to function normally
  • consists of specialized coils of tiny tubules responsible for the production of sperm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

seminiferous tubules

A

-the specialized coils within the testicle
-testosterone is secreted from the interstitial tissue between these tubules
They are responsible for the production of sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

epididymis

A
  • a tightly coiled tubule that resembles a comma
  • here is where sperm matures (become fertile and motile)
  • in the lower part of the epididymis the mature sperm is stored
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

vas deferens

A
  • also called the ductus deferens
  • narrow, straight tube that transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct
  • merges with the adjacent seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory duct
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

seminal vesicles

A

-secretes a thick, yellowish fluid that is known as seminal fluid into the vas deferens, which constitutes a large part of the volume of semen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

semen

A

-a combination of sperm and various secretions expelled from the body through the urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ejaculation

A

-the process of ejecting, or expelling, the semen from the male urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

prostate gland

A
  • just below the urinary bladder and surrounds the base of the urethra
  • its ducts transport thin, milky-colored, alkaline secretions that enhance the motility of the sperm and help to neutralize the secretions within the vagina
  • the prostate’s muscular action aids in expelling the semen from the body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cowper’s glands

A
  • pea-sized glands that secrete fluids that nourish the sperm and enhance their motility
  • these fluids also make up the rest of the volume of the semen
  • they empty into the urethra just before it extends though the penis
  • also known as the bulbourethral glands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

asymptomatic

A

-without symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

chancre

A
  • a skin lesion, usually of primary syphilis, that begins at the site of infection as a small raised area and develops into a red painless ulcer with a scooped-out appearance
  • also known as a venereal sore
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

cryosurgery

A
  • use of subfreezing temperature to destroy tissue
  • as low as -160 degrees is used
  • when the probe touches the tissues of the body, the moist tissues adhere to the cold metal of the probe and freeze
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

debridement

A

-the removal of dirt, damaged tissue, and cellular debris from a wound or a burn to prevent infection and promote healing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

dormant

A

inactive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

dysuria

A

painful urination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

epididymectomy

A

-surgical removal of the epididymis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

epididymitis

A
  • acute or chronic inflammation of the epididymis

- can be the result of a urinary tract infection, prolonged use of indwelling catheters, or venereal disease in the male

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

exudate

A

-fluid, pus, or serum slowly discharged from cells or blood vessels through small pores or breaks in cell membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

foreskin

A
  • a loose, retractable fold of skin covering the tip of the penis
  • also called the prepuce
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

glans penis

A

-the tip of the penis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

gonad

A
  • the male sex glands, which are called the testes

- primary organs of the male reproductive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

malaise

A

-a vague feeling of bodily weakness or discomfort, often marking the onset of disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

malodorous

A
  • foul smelling

- having a bad odor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

mucopurulent

A

-a combination of mucus and pus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

opportunistic infection

A

-an infection caused by normally nondisease-producing organisms that sets up in a host whose resistance has been decreased by surgery, illnesses, and disorders such as AIDS

30
Q

orchidopexy

A

–surgical fixation of the testicle
-involves making an incision into the inguinal canal, locating the testicle, and bringing it back down into the scrotal sac
orchi/o=testicle orchid/o=testicle -pexy=surgical fixation

31
Q

palpation

A

-an examination technique that involves feeling parts of the body with the hands

32
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease

A
  • inflammation of the upper female genital tract (cervix, uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes)
  • also known as salpingitis
  • may be associated with transmitted diseases
33
Q

prepuce

A

-the foreskin

34
Q

prophylactic

A

-any agent or regimen that contributes to the prevention of infection and disease

35
Q

prostatectomy

A

-removal of all or part of the prostate gland

36
Q

purulent

A

-producing or containing pus

37
Q

rectoscope

A
  • an instrument used to view the rectum that has a cutting and cauterizing (burning) loop
  • also known as a proctoscope
  • it has a light and lens attached for viewing
38
Q

residual urine

A

-urine that remains in the bladder after urination

39
Q

salpingitis

A

-inflammation of the fallopian tubes
-also known as pelvic inflammatory disease
salping/o=eustachian tubes; also refers to the fallopian tubes -itis=inflammation

40
Q

spermatozoan

A
  • a mature male germ cell

- also known as spermatozoon

41
Q

spermatozoon

A
  • spermatozoan

- a mature male germ cell

42
Q

urethra

A

-a small tubular structure extending the length of the penis that transports urine from the bladder and semen when ejaculated to the outside of the body

43
Q

urethritis

A

-inflammation of the urethra

44
Q

vesicles

A
  • blisters

- small, raised skin lesions containing clear fluid

45
Q

anorchism

A

-the absence of one or more testicles

46
Q

balanitis

A

-inflammation of the glans penis and the mucous membrane beneath it
-caused by irritation and invasion of microorganisms
balan/o=glans penis -itis=inflammation

47
Q

benign prostatic hypertrophy

A
  • a benign enlargement of the prostate gland, creating pressure on the upper part of the urethra or neck of the bladder causing an obstruction of urine flow
  • common in men over 50
48
Q

cryptorchidism

A

-condition of undescended testicle (s)
-the absence of one or both testicles from the scrotum
-may be located in the abdominal cavity or in the inguinal canal
-surgery (orchiopexy) is necessary if it does not descend on its own
crypt/o=hidden orchid/o=testicle -ism=condition

49
Q

epispadias

A
  • a congenital defect where the urethra opens on the upper side of the penis at some point near the glans
  • surgical correction with redirection of the opening is the treatment
50
Q

hydrocele

A

-an accumulation of fluid in any saclike cavity or duct
-particularly the scrotal sac or along the spermatic cord
-caused by inflammation of the epididymis or testis or obstruction of lymphatic or venous flow w/in the spermatic cord
-treatment is removal of the fluid pouch
hydro=water -cele=swelling or herniation

51
Q

hypospadias

A
  • a congenital defect in which the urethra opens on the underside of the penis instead of at the end
  • treatment involves surgically redirecting the opening to its normal location
52
Q

impotence

A
  • inability of a male to achieve or sustain an erection of the penis
  • causes: may be psychological or physiological
53
Q

inguinal hernia

A
  • a protrusion of a part of the intestine through a weakened spot in the muscles and membranes of the inguinal region of the abdomen
  • the intestine pushes into and sometimes fills the entire scrotal sac in the male
54
Q

orchitis

A
  • inflammation of the testes due to a virus, bacterial infection, or injury
  • may affect one or both testes
  • typically occurs from the mumps virus
  • if severe, can result in atrophy of the testicle
55
Q

phimosis

A
  • a tightness of the foreskin/prepuce of the penis that prevents it from being pulled back
  • the opening narrows due to the tightness and may cause some urination difficulties
  • usually congenital but can result from edema and inflammation
  • treatment is curcumcision
56
Q

premature ejaculation

A
  • the discharge of seminal fluid prior to complete erection of the penis or immediately after the penis has entered the vaginal canal
  • causes: psychological or physiological
57
Q

prostatitis

A
  • inflammation of the prostate gland

- may be acute or chronic and due to a bacterial infection

58
Q

varicocele

A
  • an abnormal dilation of the veins of the spermatic cord leading to the testicle
  • often causes more discomfort than pain and most often occurs between ages of 15 to 25
  • can lower sperm count b/c of the heat generated from the venous congestion
59
Q

chlamydia

A
  • an STD that causes inflammation of the cervix (cervicitis) and urethritis & epididymitis in men
  • Symptoms: Men–discharge from the penis and burning & itching and burning sensation on urination; Women–often do not appear until complications occur as a result of the chlamydial infection, thick vaginal mucopurulent discharge (early), can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (which can cause infertility) if left untreated
  • prevent: use latex condoms; treat: antibiotics
60
Q

genital herpes

A
  • a highly contagious viral infection of the male and female genitalia caused by herpes simplex virus
  • also known as venereal herpes
  • transmitted by direct contact w/ infected body secretions
  • different from other STDs because it can spontaneously recur once aquired
  • 2 phases: active phase when symptoms are present and the virus can be spread; dormant phase when free of symptoms (some can still transmit during this phase)
  • there is no cure and is linked to cervical cancer in women
61
Q

genital warts

A
  • small, cauliflower-like fleshy growths along the penis in men and in or near the vagina in women
  • transmitted through sexual intercourse
  • 1-6month difference between infection and symptoms
  • reoccurance is common; condoms can help but avoiding contact is advisable for those with lesions
62
Q

gonorrhea

A
  • a sexually transmitted bacterial (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) infection of the mucous membrane of the genital tract in men and women.
  • spread by sexual intercourse or between a mother and infant during birth
  • symptoms more obvious in the male: greenish-yellow purulent, dysuria and frequent urination (2-7 days after infection
  • women can be asymptomatic or experience the same symptoms; as it spread, it can cause salpingitis
  • treated with antibiotics; should be treated w/ chlamydia as they can occur simultaneously; infants are treated in the his eyes following birth
63
Q

syphilis

A
  • an STD with lesions that can affect any organ spread by sexual intercourse or mother to infant during birth
  • highly contagious and caused by Treponema pallidum
  • 3 stages: *Primary–small red pustules known as chancre; highly contagious lesions appearing w/in 10 days to a few weeks; treat with antibiotics
  • Secondary stage–appr. 2 months later as it spreads throughout the body; still highly contagious and can be treated with penicillin
  • Tertiary stage–lesions are seen throughout the body; cannot be treated now with antibiotics; can lead to life-threatening disorders of the brain, spinal cord, & heart
64
Q

trichomoniasis

A
  • a sexually transmitted protozoal infection of the vagina, urethra, or prostate
  • usually spread through sexual intercourse and affects appr. 15% of all sexually active people.
  • Caused by Trichomonas vaginalis
  • men are usually asymptotic but can has some symptoms; women have itching, burning, and malodorous discharge that is frothy and greenish-yellow
  • treated with an anti-infective drug Fagyl (metronidazole)
65
Q

castration

A
  • surgical removal of the testicles in the male (or ovaries in the female)
  • also known as orchidectomy or orchiectomy
  • usually preformed to reduce the production and secretion of certain hormones that may encourage the growth of malignant (cancerous) cells in either the male or female
  • the person is then sterile
66
Q

circumcision

A
  • a procedure to remove the prepuce (foreskin)
  • more commonly done to infants than adults
  • can be indicated by phimosis, unreplaceable retraction of a narrow foreskin, pain w/ erection or during intercourse, or recurrent balanitis
  • guided forceps if most common method
67
Q

cystoscopy

A
  • the process of viewing the interior of the bladder by using a cystoscope
  • it enters through the meatus
  • detects tumors, inflammation, renal calculi, and structural irregularities, or obtaining biopsy samples
68
Q

intravenous pyelogram

A
  • (IVP), also known as intravenous pyelography or excretory urogram
  • a radiographic procedure that provides visualization of the entire urinary tract
  • a contrast dye is injected and X-rays are taken as it is filtrated by the kidneys
69
Q

orchidectomy

A
  • surgical removal of the testicle
  • occurs when a testicle is no long functioning or palliative relief surgery for prostate gland cancer (it removes the testosterone to help reduce the spread of the cancer)
70
Q

semen analysis

A
  • assessment of volume, viscosity, sperm count, sperm motility, and % of any abnormal sperm
  • may be used to determine fertility issues between couples or after a vasectomy to confirm male sterility
71
Q

suprapubic prostatectomy

A
  • surgical removal of the prostate gland through an incision into the abdominal wall, just above the pubic bone
  • it is done when the prostate is deemed to large to fit through the urethra
72
Q

vasectomy

A
  • a surgical cutting and tying of the vas deferens to prevent the passage of sperm
  • male sterilization

Medical Terminology (65 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions