DM drugs

Question 1

Insulin:

rapid acting

Answer 1

Lispro
Aspart
Glulisine

“Lisa asked for glu”

Question 2

Insulin:

short actin

Answer 2

Regular

Question 3

Insulin:

intermediate

Answer 3

NPH

Question 4

Insulin long acting

Answer 4

Glargin
Detemir

“Glargin is detained”

Question 5

Insulin action

Answer 5

liver: increase glycogen
muscle: increase glycogen, protein synth, K+ uptake
fat: aids TG storage

Question 6

Biguanides (metformin)

Function

Answer 6

MOA unknown:
Decrease gluconeogenesis
Increase glycolysis
Increase peripheral glucose uptake

Question 7

Biguanides (metformin)

Use

Answer 7

first line DM2

Question 8

Biguanides (metformin)

toxicity

Answer 8

GI upset

Lactic acidosis: most serious, contraindicated in renal failure

Question 9

Sunfonylureas:

names

Answer 9

First generation:

1) Tolbutamide
2) Chlorpropamide

Second generation:

1) Glyburide
2) Glimepiride
3) Glipizide

“second generations start with G”
“Bury Pride in Pizi”

Question 10

Sulfornylureas:

function

Answer 10

Closes K+ channels in beta membrane
so cells depolarize
Triggering insulin release via Ca2+ influx

Question 11

Sulfonylureas:

toxicity

Answer 11

1st generation: disulfiram like effect

2nd generation: hypoglycemia

Question 12

Glitazone/thiazolidicines:

function

Answer 12

Increases insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissue

Binds to PPAR-g, which then increases adiponenctin

Question 13

Glitazone/thiazolidicines:

use

Answer 13

Used as monotherapy in type 2

or combined with other agents

Question 14

Glitazone/thiazolidicines:

toxicity

Answer 14

Weight gain,
edema
hepatotoxicity
heart failure

Question 15

Alpha glucosidase inhibitor:

name

Answer 15

Acabose and miglitol

Question 16

Alpha glucosidase inhibitor:

function

Answer 16

Inhibit intestinal border
Delayed sugar hydrolysis and glucose absorption
Decrease post prandial hyperglycemia

Question 17

Alpha glucosidase inhibitor

toxicity

Answer 17

GI disturbances

Question 18

Amylin analog:

name

Answer 18

Pramlintide

Question 19

Amylin analog:

function

Answer 19

decreases glucagon

used in both type I and II

Question 20

Amylin analog:

toxicity

Answer 20

hypoglycemia
nausea
diarrhea

Question 21

GLP-1 analog:

name

Answer 21

Exenatide

Liraglutide

Question 22

GLP-1 analog:

function

Answer 22

increase insulin

decrease glucagon release

Question 23

GLP-1 analog:

toxicity

Answer 23

Nausea
vomiting
pancreatitis

Question 24

DPP-4 inhibitors:

name

Answer 24

Linagliptin
Sexagliptin
Sitagliptin

Question 25

DPP-4 inhibitors:

function

Answer 25

increase insulin

decrease glucagon release

Question 26

DPP-4 inhibitors:

toxicity

Answer 26

Mild urinary or respiratory infection