2.6.2 Kohlberg Evaluation Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 2.6.2 Kohlberg Evaluation Deck (28)
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1
Q

(ecological validity) why did Kohlberg’s research lack ecological validity?

A

hypothetical moral dilemmas e.g. cancer drug scenario

2
Q

(ecological validity) Gilligan - Kohlberg’s research wasn’t based on real life what?

A

decisions

3
Q

(ecological validity) Gilligan - the hypothetical scenarios would make little sense to who?

A

the younger children

4
Q

(ecological validity) Gilligan’s own research was based on what?

A

people’s own moral dilemmas e.g. abortion

5
Q

(ecological validity) what does it mean to lack ecological validity?

A

not reflective of real life

6
Q

(population validity) what does population validity refer to?

A

whether the participants in the sample are representative of the whole population

7
Q

(population validity) why was Kohlberg’s research androcentric, containing a beta gender bias?

A

all male sample

stages of development then generalised to women - says there is no difference

8
Q

(population validity) Gilligan said men and women show different what?

A

morality

9
Q

(population validity) Gilligan said men have a morality of what?

A

justice

10
Q

(population validity) Gilligan said women have a morality of what?

A

care

11
Q

(population validity) Gilligan - Kohlberg’s dilemmas were focused on justice which could make women be perceived as what?

A

morally inferior if using Kohlberg’s stages

12
Q

(population validity) But Gilligan’s findings are not reliable, why?

A

both men and women use both types of reasoning

13
Q

(population validity) Walter found women were not what?

A

rated differently using Kohlberg’s stages

14
Q

(culture bias) the research was good as it was what?

A

cross cultural

15
Q

(culture bias) why could Kohlberg’s moral dilemmas be viewed as eurocentric? and why is this an issue?

A

developed in west

they may be interpreted differently in non western cultures and therefore are not applicable

16
Q

(culture bias) using these tools on non western cultures could lead to them what?

A

being perceived as morally inferior - lower level of moral reasoning

17
Q

(culture bias) Kohlberg’s research was also mainly based on participants from which type of cultures? who might this disadvantage?

A

individualist cultures

may disadvantage collectivist

18
Q

(culture bias) research evidence from India has shown what?

A

different interpretations of the scenario led to the conclusion of lower levels of moral reasoning

19
Q

(social desirability) what is social desirability?

A

giving what is seen as the correct answer to make yourself look better

20
Q

(social desirability) in the dilemma discussions why may people display social desirability?

A

to seem more moral e.g. saying they would steal the drug even though they wouldn’t

21
Q

(social desirability) if participants show social desirability what is the researcher measuring?

A

lies not truthful responses

lack of internal validity

22
Q

(predictive validity) the theory would predict what type of correlation between level of moral development and likelihood of cheating?

A

negative

the more moral - less likely to cheat

23
Q

(predictive validity) research shows what percentage of those with level 5-6 reasoning cheat on a test?

A

15%

24
Q

(predictive validity) research shows what percentage of those with level 1-2 reasoning cheat on a test?

A

75%

25
Q

(predictive validity) however why is predictive validity not that simplistic?

A

it depends on the behaviour e.g. they might not cheat but they could steal

26
Q

(ethics) why was consent an issue with Kohlberg’s research?

A

some of the participants were under 16 and were unable to give full informed consent

27
Q

(ethics) why was psychological harm an issue with Kohlberg’s research?

A

saying people were less moral than others

28
Q

(application) what did Kohlberg suggest a practical application of his research would be?

A

moral development classes in schools to help children reach higher levels of moral development

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