Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Blood & Screening Tests > Leukocyte Disorders > Flashcards

Leukocyte Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What constitutes the circulating pool of myeloid and lymphoid cells?

A

Cells that are circulating in the bloodstream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the absolute number?

A

Percentage of each type of WBC multiplied by the total WBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define neutropenia

A

WBC count less than 1500/ul

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define Neutrophilia

A

WBC count greater than 7700/ul

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

*Identify the 5 types of leukocytes found in peripheral blood

A

Basophils & mast cells, Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Monocytes & macrophages, Lymphocytes & plasma cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does left shift mean?

A

Increased release of precursors from bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

*What are the signs of infection in neutrophilia?

A

Dohle bodies & toxic granules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

*What are the causes of leuknopenia and leukocytosis?

A

Infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

*How does a neutrophil work to fight infection?

A

Responds to CHEMOTATIC FACTORS released from damaged tissue
ROLLS AND ATTACHES to the endothelial cell wall
protein and carbohydrate interactions (selectins and their ligands).
Becomes ACTIVATED by chemotactic factors
TIGHTLY ADHERES through the integrin family of proteins.
MIGRATES across the endothelial cell wall.
PHAGOCYTIZES organisms so that they are contained within a vesicle or phagosome.
RELEASES GRANULE PRODUCTS and reduced oxygen species (e.g. hydrogen peroxide and superoxide) to kill organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe Chediak Higashi syndrome according to the description of disease

A

Disease in which there is an defect in granule formation; abn. LARGE irregular neutrophil granules do not break down into smaller ones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the signs, symptoms, and diagnosis of Chediak Higashi syndrome?

A

S/SX Albinism, photophobia, neuropathy, infections

TX: BMT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe chronic granulomatous disease

Go back to slide 42 for summarization

A

Disease in which neutrophilic function is not present because catalase is absent (basically, the bacteria can get away from neutrophilic fighting)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe eosinophils and their function

A
  • Bilobed nucleus

- Function in allergic reactions & parasitic reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

*Which immunoglobin is utalized by eosinophils?

A

IgE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are causes of Eosinophilis?

A
  • Neoplasm (Hodg,lymphoma)
  • Allergies, drugs, envt
  • Asthma
  • Colagen vascular diseases
  • Parasitic infection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where are alveolar macrophages located?

A

Lung

17
Q

What are kupffer cells?

A

Macrophages found in the liver

18
Q

Describe lymphocytes

A

Nongranulated cells that

19
Q

*What are the types of lymphocytes and describe what part of immunity they are involves in

A
  • T cells: CMI (for VIRAL infections
  • B cells: humoral (antibody) (mainly bacterial infections)
  • Natural Killer Cells
20
Q

*What is the cause of lymphocytosis

A

Lymphomas

21
Q

*What is the function of T cells?

A

Medicate cellular immunity

22
Q

Define multiple myeloma

A

Too many plasma cells in the blood

23
Q

What are 2 types of Malignant neoplastic WBC disorders?

A

Leukemias & Lymphomas

24
Q

What are 2 types of Premalignant neoplastic WBC disorders?

A

Myeloproliferatice & Myelodysplastic

25
Q

What are the 4 types of leukemia?

A

AML, ALL, CML, and CLL

26
Q

Who is ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia) most common in?

A

Children

27
Q

Who is AML (acute myeloid leukemia) more common in?

A

Adults

28
Q

What lab values will present in a patient with leukemia?

A

Anemia, decreased platelets, variable WBC count

29
Q
  • Define acute leukemia
A

increase in the number of immature cells in the bone marrow > 20 % blast cells

30
Q

*Which type of leukemia is worse, APL or AML

A

APL because a person can die of bleeding if not immediately treated

31
Q

What is used to determine the classificationof AML?

A
  • Bone marrow blast morphology
  • Degree of cell maturation
  • Cytochemical stains
  • Immunophenotyping
32
Q

*What are the characteristics of a blast cell?

A
  • Huge nucleus
  • Nucleoli stain lighter, not darker
  • No cytoplasmic differentiation
33
Q

*What is a characteristic of AML cells

A

Auer Rods

34
Q
  • What type of blood smear presents in a patient with neutrophilia?
A

Dohle bodies and toxic granules

Blood & Screening Tests (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions