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Health Assessment > Head And Neck With Lymphatics > Flashcards

Head And Neck With Lymphatics Flashcards

0
Q

Coronal Suture

A

Crosses the top of the scalp from ear to ear

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1
Q

Sutures

A

Join bones together in head

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2
Q

Sagittal suture

A

Crosses the skull from anterior to posterior

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3
Q

Lambdoidal suture

A

Separates Occipital and parietal

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4
Q

When documenting physical assessments, nurses must take care to describe the location of scalp or skull findings according to_______

A

Bones and sutures

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5
Q

Major facial muscles

A 
Frontalis
Temporalis
Zygomaticus
Masseter
Buccinators
Orbicularis oculi
Orbicularis oris
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6
Q

Blood supply to the head is through __________

A

Carotid artery

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7
Q

Trigeminal nerve V supplies _________

A

Motor and sensory innervations to forehead,checks and chin

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8
Q

Major neck muscles

A

Sternocleidomastiod and trapezius

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9
Q

Three pair of salivary glands

A

Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual

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10
Q

Neck is supported by

A

C1-7

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11
Q

Useful neck landmark

A

Vertebral prominence (C7)

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12
Q

What are the common measurable thyroid hormones?

A

T3 and T4, which control metabolic rate and can affect almost every body system

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13
Q

If the posterior portion if the thyroid gland is enlarged, it may not________

A

Be palpable

Hard to palpate in healthy people

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14
Q

Parathyroid gland produces?

A

Calcitonin-helps moves calcium into bones

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15
Q

Approximately, how many lymph nodes are in head and neck?

A

80 lymph nodes

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16
Q

Purpose of lymphatics?

A

Filter pathogens from the body and drain fluid that has moved outside circulation back into the body

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17
Q

Enlarged lymph node indicates?

A

Inflammation that is “upstream” from it

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18
Q

Silent thyroiditis

A

Women may present with signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism followed by hypothyroid symptoms

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19
Q

Why is it important to assess the size of the anterior or posterior fontanels?

A

To determine ossification is happening at appropriate time
3 months posterior
18 months anterior

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20
Q

In children 1-5, nurses may palpate small, non tender, movable nodes in head and neck. Described as?

A

Shotty

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21
Q

Any history of trauma to the head, neck or both warrants?

A

Careful assessment of these structures for bleeding, swelling, loss of mobility or pain

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22
Q

If a patient is unable to provide a complete history due to a severe headache , it is still important to get?

A

A focused history and physical examination looking for neurological changes

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23
Q

Neck pain is often related to?

A

Muscles spasms or tension

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24
Q

Neck pain associated with fever and headache may indicate?

A

Meningitis

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25
Q

Any patient with sudden neck or jaw pain should immediately be evaluated for?

A

Cardiac etiologies

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26
Q

Lymphatics larger than cm 1 cm, fixed, irregular, or hard or rubbery require emergency investigation for?

A

Cancer

27
Q

Hyperthyroidism may present as?

A

Tachycardia, diarrhea, anxiety, fever, weakness, psychosis, coma and death

28
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

Fatigue, anorexia, cold intolerance, dry skin, brittle coarse hair, menstrual irregularities, weight gain or difficulty losing weight, decreased libido

29
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

Fatigue, weight loss, anxiety, palpitations,rapid pulse, heat intolerance, fine limp hair diaphoresis, muscle weakness

30
Q

In older adults, arthritic changes in the cervical spine may present as?

A

Neck pain or loss of sensation or strength of extremities

31
Q

Do you have patient remove wig or hairpieces for exam?

A

Yes

32
Q

Before exam, what do you warn the patient about?

A

Neck will be palpated, manipulated, inspected mad the procedure will not hurt.

Let pt know to inform you if any part of the exam causes pain

33
Q

Inspection of head

A

Check:
Symmetry
Deformities

34
Q

Inspection of hair:

A 
Texture 
Color
Cleanliness
Distribution
Density
35
Q

Inspection of neck

A

Lesions, limitations in movement

Look at neck muscles

36
Q

Palpitation of scalp

A

Masses or lesions

Wear gloves

37
Q

Palpitation of thyroid

A

Asses for enlargement
Unilateral bulging may be thyroid goiter, cyst or tumor
Tenderness is associated with acute infection, traumatic injury, radiation thyroiditis

38
Q

Palpitation of lymph nodes

A

Enlargement or tenderness

39
Q

Auscultation of the thyroid

A

Listen for bruit

40
Q

Facial asymmetry may indicate damage to what nerve or what?

A

CN VII or stroke

41
Q

Acromegaly

A

Enlarged bones or tissues

42
Q

Cushing’s syndrome

A

Puffy “moon” face

Increased facial hair in females

43
Q

Periorbital edema

A

CHF and hypothyroidism

44
Q

Unusual distribution or patterns of hair growth on the face or skull are associated with?

A

Endocrine abnormalities

45
Q

Any nits (white or brown specs) attached to hair shaft may be signs of?

A

Pediculosis (lice)

46
Q

Traction alopecia

A

May occur with tight braiding

47
Q

Palpable, tender, and warm lymph nodes usually indicate?

A

Infection in the area from which the the lymph vessels drain to that node

48
Q

Chloasma

A

Present on face of pregnant women

Blotchy and hyper pigmented patch appears on cheeks and fades in postpartum period

49
Q

Asymmetry of am infant head can occur from?

A

Infant one one position for prolonged period of time and premature closing of sutures

50
Q

Hypothyroidism is more common in infants with?

A

Down’s syndrome

51
Q

The lymph nodes that lie superficial to the mastoid bone are the

A

Posterior auricular nodes

52
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

Abnormal collection of cerebral spinal fluid in ventricles of brain causes enlargement of brain

53
Q

Fetal alcohol syndrome

A

Developmental delays and congenital abnormalities

Microcephaly, flattened check bones, small eyes, flattened upper lip

54
Q

Down’s syndrome

A

Congenital condition with an extra chromosome or translocation of chromosome 14 or 15 with 21 or 22
Microcephaly, flattened occipital bone, slanted small eyes, depressed nasal bridge, low set ears and protruding tongue

55
Q

Cretinism (congenital hypothyroidism)

A

Puffy facial features often larger than normal tongue. Common in parts of the world where diet is deficient in iodine

56
Q

Bell’s Palsy

A

Paralysis, usually unilateral, of facial nerve CN VII can be transient or permanent

57
Q

Parkin’s disease

A

Degenerative neurological disease

Mask like facial appearance, rigid muscles, diminished reflexes and shuffling gait

58
Q

Scleroderma

A

Hardening of the skin, usually in hands and face first

59
Q

Goiter

A

Enlarged thyroid gland

61
Q

Myxedema

A

Severe hypothyroidism, preorbital swelling mad edema of face, hands and feet

62
Q

Acute situations include

A

head and neck injuries, neck pain, enlarged lymph nodes, thyrotoxicosis

63
Q

Bruit may be present with?

A

hyperthyroidism and thyrotoxicosis

64
Q

Infant should be able to hold head up by?

A

four months

65
Q

caput succedanem

A

swollen and ecchymotic area caused by the birth process as the head is squeezed

66
Q

cephalahematoma

A

hemorrhage defined over single cranial bone

Health Assessment (11 decks)

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