Unit 2: Chemistry of Life 2

Question 1

Energy comes from the rapid movement of _______ normally, but it could be ______ too.

Answer 1

electrons, neutrons

Question 2

E represents _______

Answer 2

energy

Question 3

Energy of position. (Usually refers to electrons “locked” in a chemical bond.)

Answer 3

Potential Energy (PE)

Question 4

Energy of movement. (Usually refers to electrons that can move freely.)

Answer 4

Kinetic Energy (KE)

Question 5

An element’s or molecule’s properties are usually associated with the number of _______ it has.

Answer 5

electrons

Question 6

Run horizontally on the Periodic Table.

Answer 6

Periods

Question 7

Elements behave _________ as you go across a period.

Answer 7

differently

Question 8

Elements behave ________ as you go down a column or family.

Answer 8

similarly

Question 9

Run vertically on the Periodic Table

Answer 9

Columns or families

Question 10

These occur between elements or molecules.

Answer 10

Chemical bonds

Question 11

This type is the strongest type of chemical bond.

Answer 11

Covalent bond

Question 12

Results from sharing electrons between elements or molecules to fill both outer shells.

Answer 12

Covalent bond

Question 13

They always create a molecule. (The size of the molecule may differ though.)

Answer 13

Covalent bonds

Question 14

__________ molecules carry an electrical charge at opposite poles

Answer 14

Polar

Question 15

__________ molecules do not have an electrical charge.

Answer 15

Non-polar

Question 16

Used to show the shape of the molecule

Answer 16

Structural Formula

Question 17

Tells the elements, and number of atoms of each, that make up a molecule

Answer 17

Molecular Formula (Chemical Formula)

Question 18

These are fairly strong bonds while dry – but are weak in water so they dissolve into ions.

Answer 18

Ionic bonds

Question 19

These bonds are created by gaining or losing electrons between elements so that each element can fill its’ outer most shell.

Answer 19

Ionic bond

Question 20

possess a positive charge because it has more protons than electrons.

Answer 20

Cations

Question 21

possess a negative charge because it has more electrons than protons.

Answer 21

Anions

Question 22

A cation bonded to an anion to make a salt when dry.

Answer 22

Ionic compounds

Question 23

Fairly weak bonds. (It is “like” a magnet) (A positive Hydrogen attracted to a negative “Substance”…usually oxygen.)

Answer 23

Hydrogen bonds

Question 24

These are the most important biological bonds.

Answer 24

Hydrogen bond

Question 25

To ______ a bond requires energy to be consumed. (The bond requires “catching” an electron.)

Answer 25

make

Question 26

To ______ a bond gives off energy. (The electrons are “released” to move again.)

Answer 26

break

Question 27

Located on the left side of an equation.

Answer 27

Reactants

Question 28

Located on the right side of an equation.

Answer 28

Products

Question 29

Matter is neither created nor destroyed just transferred or transformed

Answer 29

Law of the Conservation of Mass

Question 30

If an ________ is on one side of an equation it must be on the other side too

Answer 30

element

Question 31

Chemical reaction is going both ways at equal rates.

Answer 31

equilibrium