Unit 2: Carbon Properties

Question 1

Branch of science dealing with the element carbon and its many properties.

Answer 1

organic chemistry

Question 2

About 30% of an organism’s dry weight (called Biomass) is ________ in organic molecules.

Answer 2

Carbon

Question 3

About 30% of an organism’s dry weight (called ________) is Carbon in organic molecules.

Answer 3

Biomass

Question 4

The original source for Carbon in all life forms is _______ ________. (CO2 in Photosynthesis)

Answer 4

Carbon dioxide

Question 5

refers to most compounds not containing Carbon.

Answer 5

Inorganic

Question 6

They contain Carbon but are classified as inorganic. (3)

Answer 6

CH4 (Methane gas) and CO2 or CO

Question 7

Carbon has versatility in four directions because of its four __________ _______ in its outer shell.

Answer 7

unpaired electrons

Question 8

These four unpaired electrons allows carbon to act like an ________ in the building of an organic molecule by using those to form covalent bonds with other atoms.

Answer 8

intersection

Question 9

Single Bond between Carbon atoms.(shown as: ______)

Answer 9

C-C

Question 10

Double Bond between Carbon atoms. (shown as:____)

Answer 10

C=C

Question 11

Triple Bond between Carbon atoms. (shown as:_____)

Answer 11

C=C

——

Question 12

Molecules containing mostly Carbon and Hydrogen.

Answer 12

Hydrocarbons

Question 13

Most hydrocarbons are _______ ______. (Some examples are: Fossil fuels, Oils, And Fats)

Answer 13

energy sources

Question 14

The more ________ atoms in a molecule; the more energy there is in the molecule.

Answer 14

Hydrogen

Question 15

___________ are important parts of cell membranes. (The tails of phospholipids)

Answer 15

Hydrocarbons

Question 16

All hydrocarbons are extremely _______ because they are nonpolar molecules. (“Afraid of” water’s polarity.)

Answer 16

hydrophobic

Question 17

(-OH)
This group allows molecules to act as an alcohol or polar molecule.
Name usually ends with “ol”.

Answer 17

Hydroxyls

Question 18

A is at one end of the alphabet. Carbonyl is located on the end of the molecule. (One double bonded oxygen)

Answer 18

Aldehydes

Question 19

K is in the middle of the alphabet.Carbonyl is located in the middle of the molecule. (One double bonded oxygen)

Answer 19

Ketones

Question 20

Functional group with one double bonded oxygen. ((It takes one stroke to make a lower case “n”.)

Answer 20

carbonyls

Question 21

Functional group that has two oxygens…one double bonded and one singled. (It takes two strokes to make an “x”.)
These molecules can act as an acid by losing a Hydrogen atom and can also possibly polar too.

Answer 21

carboxyl

Question 22

Functional group that contains Nitrogen and can act as bases by picking up free H+.

Answer 22

amine

Question 23

Functional group that contains Sulfur.

Sulfur can make Di-Sulfide bridges for “pockets” in protein formation .

Answer 23

Sulfhydrls

Question 24

Functional group that contains Phosphorus.
These molecules are usually involved in E Transfers, such as associated with ATP. It can also act like an Anion, a negative ion.

Answer 24

Phosphate

Question 25

These are the sites of most organic molecules chemical reactions or properties. (They have a function to do.)

Answer 25

Functional groups