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Histology > Muscle > Flashcards

Muscle Flashcards

0
Q

What muscle types have striations?

A

Skeletal and cardiac

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1
Q

What are the three types of muscle?

A

Skeletal, cardiac, smooth

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2
Q

Why are skeletal muscle cells multinucleated?

A

Fusion of embryonic myoblasts

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3
Q

What are the three layers of connective tissue found in muscles?

A

The epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium

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4
Q

What does the epimysium surround and what is its function?

A

The entire muscle. Its septa that penetrate the muscle carry arteries, nutrients, and nerves

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5
Q

What is the epimysium made of?

A

Dense CT

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6
Q

What does the perimysium surround and what is its function?

A

The fascicles of the muscle. The perimysium is penetrated by nerves, arteries, and veins. Also acts as insulation.

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7
Q

What is the perimysium made of?

A

Thin CT

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8
Q

What does the endomysium surround and what is its function?

A

The endomysium surrounds individual muscle fibers and insulates them. Also supplies vasculature in the form of capillary networks.

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9
Q

What are the two myofilaments of muscle tissue?

A

Actin and myosin

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10
Q

End to end repetition if sarcomeres create

A

Myofibrils

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11
Q

Groups of myofibrils make up

A

Muscle fibers

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12
Q

Groups of muscle fibers make up

A

Fascicles

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13
Q

Groups of fascicles make up

A

A muscle

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14
Q

What are the three subunits of troponin?

A

TnT, TnC, TnI

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15
Q

What is the role of the TnT subunit?

A

Binds tropomyosin

16
Q

What is the role of TnC?

A

Binds Ca2+

17
Q

What is the role of TnI?

A

Inhibits actin/myosin interaction

18
Q

What is the ultra structure of myosin?

A

2 heavy chains, 2 pairs of light chains

19
Q

F-actin is a ___ helix of 2 strands of _-actin

A

Alpha, g-actin

20
Q

Invaginations of the sarcolemma are called

A

T tubules

21
Q

T tubules aid in the _____

A

Depolarization of the muscle fiber

22
Q

Describe the cross bridge cycle.

A
  1. Myosin head binds exposed actin binding site 2. Release of ADP + Pi triggers the power stroke 3. Binding of ATP releases myosin head from actin 4. Hydrolysis of ATP “cocks” the myosin and the cycle can repeat
23
Q

What is the role of intercalated discs?

A

To facilitate the binding of adjacent cardiac muscle cells

24
Q

Which muscle types are autonomic?

A

Cardiac and smooth

25
Q

Which muscle types are somatic?

A

Skeletal

Histology (10 decks)

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