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EIDWS > 102 Heritage and Doctrine > Flashcards

102 Heritage and Doctrine Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 6 areas that make up the Naval Doctrine “WILCOP”

A

Naval WARFARE: the inherent nature and enduring principles of naval forces
Naval INTELLIGENCE: intelligence support in meeting requirements of regional conflicts & operations other than war
Naval LOGISTICS: full range of logistic capabilities to support naval forces
Naval COMMAND/CONTROL: fulfill information needs of commanders, forces & weapons systems
Naval OPERATIONS: reaffirms foundation of Navy/Marine Corps expeditionary maritime traditions
Naval PLANNING: force planning & relationship between capabilities & operational planning in joint and multinational environment

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2
Q

State 7 principles of Naval Logistics “FEARSSS”

A
  • Flexibility
  • Economy
  • Attainability
  • Responsiveness
  • Simplicity
  • Sustainability
  • Survivability
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3
Q

What is the first Navy ship named after an enlisted man, and why?

A

USS OSMAN INGRAM

First enlisted man killed in WWI

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4
Q

What 3 classes of naval vessels existed at the inception of the U.S. Navy?

A
  • Ships of the line
  • Frigates
  • Sloops of War
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5
Q

What is the importance of the Battle of the Coral Sea?

A

7-8 May 1942; World’s first carrier-on-carrier battle

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6
Q

What is the importance of the Voyage of the great White Fleet?

A

Round-the-world cruise to show flag and demonstrate the strength of the U.S. Navy

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7
Q

What is the importance of the Battle of Normandy?

A

June 6, 1944; Invasion of Normandy - the largest amphibious assault in World History. Enabled allies to complete D-Day

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8
Q

What is the importance of Midway?

A

3-5 June 1942; Midway was the turning point in the battle of the Pacific War. In one day Japan lost its bid for control of the Pacific

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9
Q

What is the importance of the Guadalcanal?

A

13-15 November 1942; Navy policy at the time was to place members of the same family on different Ships, but the 5 Sullivan brothers from Waterloo, Iowa insisted on staying together. While onboard the USS Juneau it was torpedoed and the Sullivans along with 700 others were lost. Because of this tragedy, Navy policy concerning family member separation was reinstated.

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10
Q

What is the importance of the Battle of Leyte Gulf?

A

23 October, 1944; The final blow to the Japanese Navy. Thier last chance effort to attack the U.S. Fleet backfired and was a complete failure. Losing the Philippines severed their empire cutting off its main supply source from the south.

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11
Q

What is the significance of Mercury 3 and Sailors involved?

A

5 May, 1961; NASA’s first manned spaceflight program - Naval Astronaut: CDR Alan Shepard

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12
Q

What is the significance of Gemini 3 and Sailors involved?

A

23 March, 1965; first two-person spaceflight & first spacecraft to maneuver from one orbit to another. Naval Astronauts: LCDR John Young & CDR Grism

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13
Q

What is the significance of Apollo 11 and Sailors involved?

A

16-24 July 1969; First ever manned lunar landing. Neil Armstrong (former Naval aviator) & Buzz Aldrin

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14
Q

What is the significance of Apollo 17 and Sailors involved?

A

7-19 Dec 1972; 7th and final lunar landing mission. Eugene Cernan, USN & Ronald Evans, USN

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15
Q

What is the significance of STS-1 and Sailors involved?

A

12-14 April 1981; First orbital test flight of space shuttle. All NAVY crew.

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16
Q

What is the historical significance of The On-the-Roof Gang and how does it relate to Information Dominance?

A

A total of 176 (150 Navy, 26 Marines) enlisted radio operators were specially trained at a unique school located on the roof of the old Navy Department Building. They formed the vanguard of U.S. Naval Communications Intelligence efforts and laid the cornerstone of Naval Cryptology

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17
Q

What is the historical significance of The Purple Code and how does it relate to Information Dominance?

A

Japanese Cipher Machine. The cipher was broken by a team from the U.S. Army Signals Intelligence Service

18
Q

What is the historical significance of The Battle of Midway and how does it relate to Information Dominance?

A

Broken Japanese codes allowed the U.S. to position carriers for victory

19
Q

What is the historical significance of The Attack on the USS LIBERTY and how does it relate to Information Dominance?

A

Liberty was sent to collect electronic intelligence in the eastern Mediterranean. Several messages were sent to Liberty to increase her closest point of approach (CPA) to Egypt & Israel coasts. Due to ineffective message handling/routing, the CPA messages were not received until after the attack. The Liberty was struck by Israeli aircraft. Example of POOR COMMUNICATIONS.

20
Q

What is the historical significance of The Capture of the USS PUEBLO and how does it relate to Information Dominance?

A

USS PUEBLO was attacked by North Korean Patrol boats, contending that the ship had violated their territorial waters. Ex. Poor Communications

21
Q

What is the historical significance of D-Day Landing: 6 June 1944 and how does it relate to Information Dominance?

A

2 years of planning. After extensive denial and deception exercise, the Germans were fooled into believing that Allied Forces would land elsewhere

22
Q

What is the historical significance of Landing at Inchon: 15-17 September 1950 and how does it relate to Information Dominance?

A

General Macarthur utilized naval hydrographers to plan a risky assault over extremely unfavorable terrain.

23
Q

What is the historical significance of Hainan Island EP-3 Incident: 1 April 2001 and how does it relate to Information Dominance?

A

Chinese J-811 Interceptor collided with an EP-3 forcing it to land on Hainan Island, China. Due to lack of proper emergency destruction, China made significant gains in understanding U.S. Electronic Intelligence (ELINT) collection capabilities.

24
Q

What is the historical significance of Bletchley Park and how does it relate to Information Dominance?

A

Britian’s cryptology center; also known as “Station”, deciphered German ENIGMA. The site of the UK’s main decryption establishment, gov’t code, and Cypher School

25
Q

What is the historical significance of The Navajo Code Talkers and how does it relate to Information Dominance?

A

aka “WINDTALKERS” that used Native American language to transmit battle messages in the Pacific. Did so in their native language, a code that the Japanese never broke.

26
Q

What is the historical significance of The Attack on the USS STARK: 17 May 1987 and how does it relate to Information Dominance?

A

Attack by Iraqi Mirage F1 fighter while outside Iraqi & Iranian declared warzones (STARK was in international waters)
- F1 fighter fired 2 exotic missles
- The U.S. failed to detect the attack. Assumed fighter was benign and never fired a weapon or deployed a countermeasure.
Example of poor early warning

27
Q

What is the historical significance of EC-121 Shoot-down: 15 April 1969 and how does it relate to Information Dominance?

A

EC-121 was attacked without warning by North Korean MIG while flying its last mission (31 Sailors) where everyone died.
- Promted USN to adopt new procedures to provide reconnaissance aircraft with higher degree of protection. EC-121 was retired and replaced by EP-3.

28
Q

State the qualities that characterize the Navy/Marine Corps team as instruments to support national policies

A
  • Readiness
  • Flexibility
  • Self-sustainability
  • Mobility
29
Q

What are the 3 levels of war?

A

Strategic: Supports National Goals
Operational: Supports Theater
Tactical: Involves individual engagements

30
Q

Discuss the National Security Act of 1947

A
  • Signed by President Truman in 1947
  • Established by the CIA
  • War Dept and Navy Dept merged into DoD under SECDEF
  • Created Department of the Air Force
31
Q

When and why were the current Navy Core Values developed?

A

Adopted in 1992; service-wide effort aimed to strengthen the Navy as a values community

32
Q

When and why was the Sailor’s Creed developed?

A

Developed in 1993; to instill a clear understanding of navy virtues into every Navy recruit. later amended by Admrial Boorda to encompass all ranks in the Navy

33
Q

What were RADM Grace Hopper’s contributions to the U.S. Navy?

A
  • One of the first programmers of the Harvard Mark I computer and developed the first compiler for a computer programming language.
  • Conceptualized and led the development of COBOL, one of the first modern programming languages
  • Popularized the term “debugging”
  • First female Admiral, oldest Admiral in the Navy who retired on the oldest commissioned Ship in the Navy (at 79 yrs old)
  • USS HOPPER (DDG-70) was named after her
34
Q

State the name of the first computer and where it was located

A

ENIAC: Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer

Created in 1942 at the University of Pennsylvania

35
Q

What is ARPANET and when was it developed?

A
  • Advanced Research Products Agency Network (ARPANET) - world’s first operational packet-switching network
  • Led the way toward modern internet
  • Developed during the Cold War
36
Q

What was the impact of the John Walker espionage case?

A
  • Retired Warrant Officer, John Walker, spied for the Russians from 1968-1985 allowing Soviet Union to make SIGNIFICANT gains in naval warfare.
  • Compromised Navy crypto info to Soviet Union for over a decade
  • Later resulted in creation of the Director of Counter Intelligence (CI) on the National Security Council (NSC)
37
Q

What is the oldest intelligence organization of the U.S. Navy?

A

ONI (Office of Naval Intelligence)

38
Q

When was ONI established and by whom was it founded?

A

Established in 1882 by SECNAV William H. Hunt

39
Q

State the first CIO/DNI

A

LT Theodorus Bailey Myers Mason was founder & first head of the US Office of Naval Intelligence, with the post of Chief Intelligence Officer (prior to it being redesigned as Director of naval Intelligence in 1911)

40
Q

What two departments were combined to form ONI?

A

Department Library & Office of Intelligence

EIDWS (24 decks)

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