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🌍Geography > 28 Settlement > Flashcards

28 Settlement Flashcards

1
Q

Define a site

A

The immediate land on which a settlement is loacted

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2
Q

Whats a nodal site

A

Intersection or converging point of multiple roads

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3
Q

Name 4 geographical factors that affect settlement

A

Relief
-Lowlands <200m. Suitable climate and
gradient

Rivers
-Water/food supply, transportation

Defence
-Isolated hills/ridges barrier

Aspect/Shelter
-Warm south facing slopes, shelter by mountains/trees

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4
Q

Explain the geographic settlement factor of Relief

A

Lowlands (below 200m) have suitable climates and gentle gradients which is easier to build on
Steep slopes are avoided

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5
Q

Explain the geographic settlement factor of Relief

A

lowlands (Below 200m
Suitable climate
Gentle gradient=easier to build on
Steep land is avoided

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6
Q

Whats a wet point site

A

Sites that are liable to flood

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7
Q

Whats a dry point site

A

Elevated sites near rivers that are not likely to be flooded

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8
Q

Explain the geographic settlement factor of Defence

A

isolated hills gave defensive element

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9
Q

Explain the geographic settlement factor of Rivers

A

Food and water supply
Transportation
Bridging points lead to nodal site

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10
Q

What are the 2 Economic Factors affecting settlemtnet

A

RESOURCES: Fertile agricultural hinterland that provides food. Fishing in coastal area. Industries then develop these raw materials

TRADE:Where trade+communication points met along river,valleys,nodal sites or briding points

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11
Q

What are the Historical Factors that affected Settlement

A

-Castles were symbols of power,their bawns were secure place for ppl to retreat

-During the plantation planned towns were developed to provide homes

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12
Q

What is SITUATION in relation to settlement

A

The location of a settlement in relation to its surroundings.

Fertile lowland=agriculture
Lowland relief=transport development
Natural Routes=develop of nodal sites
Uplands=Shelter and natural defence

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13
Q

Name the different time Periods of Settlement in Ireland

A

Neolithic: 4000BC-2500BC
Bronze Age: 2500BC-500BC
Iron Age: 500BC-AD500
Early Christian: 5th-8th Century
Norman Period: 12th Century
Plantations: 17th Century
New Towns: 1960s-Present

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14
Q

What features were found in Neolithic Period:400BC-2500BC

A

Megalithic Tombs:
Court cairns, passage tombs, portal dolmens

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15
Q

What are barrows

A

Mounds that may cover megalithic tombs of the Neolithic Period

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16
Q

Whats a Cairn

A

Mound of stones that may cover a portal Dolmen of the Neolithic Period

17
Q

What features were found in Bronze Age:2500BC-500BC

A

Fulacht Fiadh
Cooking place near streams

18
Q

What features were found in Iron Age: 500BC-AD500

A

Forts:
Ring-Circular enclosures surrounded by up to 3 earthen banks

Promontory-Coastal areas surrounded by 3sides of sea

19
Q

Define Promontory

A

High point of land or rock projecting into a body of water

20
Q

What are soutterains

A

Underground storage chambers which may be found under ring-forts of the Iron Age period

21
Q

What place names are associated with forts of the Iron Age Period:500BC-AD500

A

Dún-Dundalk
Caiseal-Cashel
Ráth-Raheny
Lios-Lismore

22
Q

What features were found in Early Christian Period:5th-8th century

A

Monasteries and Round towers
Near rivers and lakes
Used as protection from vikings

23
Q

What features were found in Norman Period:12th Century

A

Castles:
Motte+Bailey, stone.Walls enclosing an open area called bawn. Built by normans as defence.
Strategic Locations, beside rivers

Medieval Priories,Abbeys and Monasteries:
13th century, located near rivers

24
Q

What place names are associated with the NORMAN PERIOD:13+13th century

A

Manach (monk)
—monkstown

25
Q

What features were found in Plantation Period

A

Settlers from england were given large estates in Ireland
Large houses and villages
Fortified towers.

26
Q

What place names can be associated with Plantation Period

A

Court
Park
Lot
Demense
House (HO)
And names possibly linked to landlords:Phillipstown

27
Q

What features were found in New Town Period

A

Shannon Co.Clare
Tallaght
Blanchardstown
Lucan
Clondalkin
Adamstown (2004)

🌍Geography (13 decks)

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