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🌍Geography > 5 Rocks > Flashcards

5 Rocks Flashcards

1
Q

Oirigin

A

Where and how rocks were created

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2
Q

What is mineral content of rocks

A

Rocks are composed of one or more minerals such as calcite quartz and gypsum

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3
Q

What is texture

A

How rough or smooth the rock feels

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4
Q

What is hardness

A

The rocks resistance to weathering and erosion

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5
Q

What is density

A

Amount of rock compared to amount of space it takes up (air fills gaps in porous rocks sl tbeyre less dense)

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6
Q

Rock shape

A

How the tocks were laid down
E.g Basalt in hexagonal shapes Giants Causeway

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7
Q

Compaction

A

Sediments are squeezed together by the weight of overlying lauers including water

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8
Q

Cementation

A

Water evaporates from dissolved minerals, creating crystals that glue sediments together

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9
Q

Rock cycle

A

Cooling of magma/lava into solid rock
Melting of rock into magma (during subduction)
Breaking down of rock into sediments by the elements of weathering and erosion
Reformation if solid rock through lithification
Changing if a rocks structure by heat and pressure

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10
Q

What are the three rock groups

A

Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic

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11
Q

What are plutonic (intrusive) rocks

A

Rocks formed deep beneath the earths surface
Eg. Granite

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12
Q

What are volcanic (extrusive) rocks

A

Rocks formed on the earths surface
E.g Basalt Giants Causeway

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13
Q

Whats another word for extrusive rocks

A

Volcanic rocks

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14
Q

Whats another word for intrusive rocks

A

Plutonic

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15
Q

2 types of igneous rock and example

A

Basalt- Antrim Derry Plateau
Granite- Wicklow Mountains

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16
Q

2 types of sedimentary rock + exapmle

A

Limestone- The Burren Clare
Sandstone-Machillycuddys reeks

17
Q

2 types of metamorphic rocks + example

A

Marble-Connemara
Quartzite-Hill of Howth Dublin

18
Q

When can igneous rock be classified as acidic

A

When it has a silica content of more than 55%

19
Q

List three minerals found in granite

A

Feldspar
Quartz
Mica

20
Q

At what type of boundary is basalt formed

A

Divergent

21
Q

What colour is basalt

A

Black/dark grey

22
Q

What colour is granite

A

Typically grey
Can vary in colour depending on proportions of minerals in the rock

23
Q

What are organic sedimentaty tocks

A

Formed from decayed living things and plants/vegetation

24
Q

What are inorganic sedimentary rocks

A

Formed from the broken down sediments of other rocks

25
Q

Where can limestone be found

A

Burren Co Clare

26
Q

What is the most common rock formed in Ireland

A

Limestone

27
Q

Where cab sandstone be found

A

Macgillycuddys reeks

28
Q

What cokour is sandstone

A

Reddish brown, due to presence of iron oxide

🌍Geography (13 decks)

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