dooby dooby do ba doop doop da doo Flashcards
Nystatin mechanism of action
binds to ergosterol, (a major component of the fungal cell membrane.) When present in sufficient concentrations, it forms pores in the membrane that lead to K+ leakage, acidification, and death of the fungus
Side effects of Nystatin
Oral - Diarrhea, Abdominal pain, Rare: tachycardia, bronchospasm, facial swelling, muscle aches. Oral/topical: Hypersensitivity – Stevens-johnson syndrome, rash, itching, burning
Side effects of Colchicine
Nausea, Vomiting, Diarreha, abdominal pain, muscle weakness, peripheral neuropathy, high doses: bone marrow damage, anaemia, hair loss
Side effects of Allopurinol
Nausea, vomiting, diarreha, skin rashes. Rare: hypersensitivity syndrome (potentially fatal) – fever, skin rash, eosinophilia, hepatitis, worsened renal function, allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome. Can cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome
name some antiemetics, why are different ones given to the same person?
Ondansetron, Metoclopramide, they do different things
Side effects of mylanta
Not to be taken if patients have kidney problems. Prolonged or excessive use of Mylanta can result in damage to the kidneys, decreased levels of phosphate in the body, dizziness, and fainting spells. Less serious side effects of Mylanta include nausea, constipation, diarrhea, and headaches.
What’s Omeprazole? whats it mechanims of action?
PPI Irreversibly block the hydrogen/potassium adensonie triphosphatase enzyme system (H+/K+ ATPase or gastric proton pump) of gastric parietal cells. Inhibiting stomach acid secretion
Name some insulins
Ultra-rapid acting – Lispro (Humalog), Aspart (NovoLog). Short duration/slower acting – Natural insulin. Intermediate duration – Humulin Neutral Protamine – Hagerdorn (NPH), Lente insulin (Insuvet). Long duration – Ultralente, Glargine. Premixed biphasic insulin – Neutral:isophane. Long acting – Lantus.
What are Biguanides, and whats there mechanism? s/e? oh and an example to noob
Decrease production of glucose in the liver and also enhance glucose uptake and utilization by muscle. Example: Metformin
Side effects: N/V, not compatible with alcohol, metallic taste in mouth, need good kidneys to avoid toxic buildup.
What do sulfonylureas do? s/e? example?
Promote insulin release from pancreas.
Side effects: can cause excessive lowering of BGL (more common in those with kidney/liver problems) Example: Gliclazide
What do thiazolidinediones do? s/e? example?
Reduce glucose by decreasing insuin resistance, increase bodies response/sensitivity to insulin. Benefits take several weeks to develop.
Side effects: Fluid retention, weight gain. Example: Trolitazone
Whats acrabose do?
Blocks enzyme that digest starch, delaying carbrohydrate absorption and causing blood sugar to raise less and more slowly throughout the day.
What do incretin enhancers do?
Enhance incretin! duh.. And also.. stimulate glucose dependent insulin release, enhance B-cell proliferation, delay post-prandial glucose levels, delay gastric emptying, reduce appetite.
Whats glycogenolysis mean?
Breakdown of glycogen in the liver to recycle glucose
Whats glycogenesis mean?
Conversion of glucose to glycogen for storage in the liver
