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Med Term > Ch. 11-Respiratory System > Flashcards

Ch. 11-Respiratory System Flashcards

0
Q

anthrac/o

A

Coal

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1
Q

alveol/o

A

Small, hollow air sac

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2
Q

aspirat/o

A

To draw in

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3
Q

atel/o

A

Imperfect

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4
Q

bronch/o

A

Bronchus

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5
Q

bronchiol/o

A

Bronchiole

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6
Q

cheil/o

A

Lip

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7
Q

con/i

A

Dust

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8
Q

cyan/o

A

Dark blue

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9
Q

cyst/o

A

Sac

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10
Q

fibr/o

A

Fiber

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11
Q

halat/o

A

Breathe

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12
Q

hem/o

A

Blood

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13
Q

laryng/o

A

Larynx, voice box

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14
Q

lob/o

A

Lobe

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15
Q

mes/o

A

Middle

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16
Q

nas/o

A

Nose

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17
Q

olfact/o

A

Smell

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18
Q

or/o

A

Mouth

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19
Q

orth/o

A

Straight

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20
Q

ox/o

A

Oxygen

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21
Q

palat/o

A

Palate

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22
Q

pector/o

A

Breast, chest

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23
Q

pharyng/o

A

Pharynx, throat

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24
Q

pleur/o

A

Pleura

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25
Q

pneum/o

A

Air

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26
Q

pneumon/o

A

Lung

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27
Q

py/o

A

Pus

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28
Q

respirat/o

A

Breathing

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29
Q

rhin/o

A

Nose

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30
Q

rhonch/o

A

Snore

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31
Q

sarc/o

A

Flesh

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32
Q

spir/o

A

Breath

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33
Q

theli/o

A

Nipple

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34
Q

thorac/o

A

Chest

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35
Q

tonsill/o

A

Tonsil, almond

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36
Q

trache/o

A

Trachea

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37
Q

tubercul/o

A

A little swelling

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38
Q

ventilat/o

A

To air

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39
Q

Respiratory system consists of:

A

Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

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40
Q

Respiratory system’s primary function

A

Supply oxygen for tissues and take away carbon dioxide

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41
Q

Respiration

A

R

Consists of external and internal processes

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42
Q

External respiration

A

Lungs are ventilated and oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the air in the lungs and blood in the capillaries of the alveoli

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43
Q

Internal respiration

A

Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between blood in tissue capillaries and cells of the body

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44
Q

Nose

A

Serves as an air passageway that warms and moistens air, and its vi,ia help filter foreign material

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45
Q

Pharynx

A

Passageway for air and food, 5 inches long from base of skull to esophagus

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46
Q

Larynx

A

Produces vocal sounds; short tense cords make high sounds, long relaxed cords make low sounds; enlarged upper end of trachea

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47
Q

Bronchi

A

Provides passageway for air to and from lungs; divide into right and left bronchus

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48
Q

Lungs

A

Brings air into contact with blood so oxygen and carbon dioxide can be exchanged

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49
Q

Anterior nares

A

External entrance of nose

Nostrils

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50
Q

Four Paranasal Sinuses

A

Frontal, maxillary, ethmoidal, sphenoidal

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51
Q

Frontal sinuses

A

Located above eyebrows

52
Q

Maxillary sinuses

A

Cheeks on either side of nose

53
Q

Ethmoidal sinuses

A

Either side of bridge of nose close to the eyes

54
Q

Sphenoidal sinuses

A

Behind ethmoid sinuses close to ears

55
Q

3 Portions of Pharynx

A

Nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

56
Q

Nasopharynx

A

Located behind the nose (contains adenoids or pharyngeal tonsils)

57
Q

Oropharynx

A

Located behind mouth (contains faucial or palatine tonsils and lingual tonsils)

58
Q

Laryngopharynx

A

Located behind larynx

59
Q

Tonsils

A

3 pairs of lymphoid tissues

Adenoids or pharyngeal tonsils, faucial or palatine tonsils, and lingual tonsils

60
Q

Function of tonsils?

A

Filter bacteria from lymph in head and neck region

61
Q

Cavity of larynx contains

A

Ventricular folds and vocal folds

62
Q

Ventricular folds

A

False vocal cords

63
Q

Vocal folds

A

True vocal cords

64
Q

3 Regions of Larynx Cavity

A

Vestibule, ventricle, entrance to glottis

65
Q

Glottis

A

Narrow slit at opening between true vocal cords

66
Q

3 Unpaired Cartilages of Larynx

A

Thyroid, cricoid, epiglottis

67
Q

3 Paired Cartilages of Larynx

A

Arytenoid, cuneiform, corniculate

68
Q

Thyroid cartilage

A

Largest cartilage, forms Adam’s apple

69
Q

Epiglottis

A

Covers entrance of larynx, acts as a lid to prevent aspiration of food

70
Q

Cricoid cartilage

A

Lowermost cartilage

71
Q

Trachea

A

Air passageway from pharynx and larynx to bronchi; 1 in. wide and 4.5 in. long; reinforced in front and sides by cartilage rings

72
Q

Bronchial tree

A

Smaller bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar ducts; ends in alveoli

73
Q

Hilium

A

Depression on lung where bronchus enters

74
Q

alveoli

A

Tiny air sacs supporting capillaries from pulmonary vessels

75
Q

Lungs

A

Conical shaped spongy organs lying on both sides of the heart in the pleural cavity

76
Q

Pleura

A

Serous membrane composed of several layers

77
Q

Pleural cavity

A

Space between parietal and visceral pleura that contains serous fluid

78
Q

Diaphragm

A

Musculomembranous wall that separates thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity

79
Q

Mediastinum

A

Central portion of thoracic cavity between lungs that contains the heart and other structures

80
Q

Base

A

Broad inferior surface of lung that rests on diaphragm

81
Q

Apex

A

Pointed upper margin of lung

82
Q

Lobes

A

Right lung has 3, left lung has 2

83
Q

Cardiac depression

A

Indentation in left lung for placement of heart

84
Q

Main function of lungs

A

Bring air into contact with blood so oxygen and carbon dioxide can be exchanged in alveoli

85
Q

Tidal volume

A

TV

Amount of air in a single inspiration and expiration: avg 500 mL

86
Q

Expiratory reserve volume

A

ERV

Amount of air that can be forcibly expired after normal respiration; aka supplemental air, 1000-1200 mL

87
Q

Inspiration reserve volume

A

IRV

Amount of air that can be forcibly inspired after a normal inspiration, 3600 mL

88
Q

Residual volume

A

RV

Amount of air remaining in lungs after max expiration, 1500 mL

89
Q

Vital capacity

A

VC

Volume of air that can be exhaled after max inhalation

90
Q

Functional residual capacity

A

Volume of air that stays in lungs after normal expiration

91
Q

Total lung capacity

A

TLC

Max volume of air in lungs after max inspiration

92
Q

Vital signs

A

Essential elements for determining state of health

Temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure

93
Q

What regulates respiration?

A

Medulla oblongata and pons

94
Q

Newborn respiratory rate

A

30-80 per min

95
Q

1st year respiratory rate

A

20-40 per min

96
Q

5th year respiratory rate

A

20-25 per min

97
Q

15th year respiratory rate

A

15-20 per min

98
Q

Adult respiratory rate

A

12-20 per min

99
Q

Acid-fast bacilli

A

AFB

Test on sputum to detect tuberculosis

100
Q

Antistreptolysin O

A

ASO

Test on blood serum to detect strep

101
Q

Arterial blood gases

A 
ABGs
Measures acidity (pH) and levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood
102
Q

Bronchoscopy

A

Visual examination of larynx, trachea, and bronchi via bronchoscope

103
Q

Culture, sputum

A

Examination of sputum to determine presence of pathogenic microorganisms

104
Q

Culture, throat

A

Test that identifies presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the throat

105
Q

Laryngoscopy

A

Visual examination of larynx via laryngoscope

106
Q

Pulmonary function test

A

Series of tests performed to determine diffusion of oxygen carbon dioxide across cell membrane in lungs

107
Q

Rhinoscopy

A

Visual examination of nasal passages

108
Q

Asphyxia

A

Depletion of oxygen in blood and increase of carbon dioxide, artificial ventilation and oxygen should be administered asap
a- lack of
sphyx pulse
-ia condition

109
Q

Bronchiectasis

A

Chronic dilation of a bronchus of bronchi, with secondary infection in lung
bronchi bronchus
-ectasis dilation, expansion

110
Q

Bronchiolitis

A

Inflammation of the bronchioles
bronchiol bronchiole
-itis inflammation

111
Q

Bronchitis

A

Inflammation of the bronchi
bronch bronchus
-itis inflammation

112
Q

Bronchoscope

A

Medical instrument used to visually examine the bronchi
bronch/o bronchus
-scope instrument for examining

113
Q

Croup

A

Acute respiratory disease characterized by larynx obstruction, barking cough, hoarseness, wheezing

114
Q

Dysphonia

A

Difficulty in speaking; hoarseness
dys- difficulty
phon voice
-ia condition

115
Q

Emphysema

A

Pulmonary disease in with alveolar walls are damaged or destroyed, making it hard to exhale air from lungs. Primarily caused by smoking, and in a group of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

116
Q

Epistaxis

A

Nosebleed, usually results from traumatic or spontaneous rupture of blood vessels in mucous membranes
epi- upon
-staxis dripping

117
Q

Hemoptysis

A

Spitting up blood
hem/o blood
-ptysis to spit

118
Q

Hypoxia

A

Deficient amounts of oxygen in tissues
hyp- below
ox oxygen
-ia condition

119
Q

Olfaction

A

Process of smelling
olfact smell
-ion process

120
Q

Pyothorax

A

Pus in chest cavity
py/o pus
thorax chest

121
Q

Respiratory distress syndrome

A

RDS

Can occur in premature infant in which lungs are not matured enough to produce lecithin, resulting collapse of alveoli

122
Q

Respiratory syncytial virus infection

A

Most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants, begins with a fever, runny nose, cough, and wheezing. Clears in 8-15 days

123
Q

Rhinovirus

A

One of a subgroup of viruses that cause the common cold in humans
rhin/o nose
vir virus
-us pertaining to

124
Q

Spirometer

A

Medical instrument to measure lung volume during inhalation and exhalation
spir/o breath
-meter instrument to measure

125
Q

Sputum

A

Substance coughed from lungs; can be watery, thick, purple to, clear, or bloody

126
Q

Thoracoplasty

A

Surgical repair of the chest wall
thorac/o chest
-plasty surgical repair

127
Q

Tracheostomy

A

New opening into the trachea
trache/o trachea
-stomy new opening

Med Term (15 decks)

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