Part 5 Flashcards
Different ethnic groups have different health outcomes because of:
A. physiological differences
B. different social determinant factors
C. historical stratifications
D. all the above
D. all the above
Illness and disease for individuals, populations and nations is not simply a matter of germs and viruses (biomedical) or individual psychology and behaviour (biopsychological) but a complex interaction between the social system of a given society and the individual (biopsychosocial) and their particular genetic inheritance (biomedical).
How do material circumstances affect health?
A. Directly
B. Indirectly
C. Both a and b
D. Material circumstances do not affect health
C. Both a and b
Material circumstances refer to aspects of the physical environment such as the quality of housing, access to transport, food and neighbourhood resources.
The social determinants of health thinking means that medical models are:
A. a minor part of health
B. one factor in health determinants
C. part of a chain of determinants
D. none of the above
C. part of a chain of determinants
Each social determinant of health describes a set of circumstances that influences a particular health outcome.
A conservative government that believes individuals should look after themselves will:
A. downplay the social determinants of health
B. emphasise private health insurance
C. be stricter about medical rebates
D. all the above
D. all the above
The kinds of health policies a particular government puts in place will be very much influenced by its politics or beliefs. For example, where the political party in power believes health or education are human/citizen rights, these services will be provided free by the government or at a cost that all can afford.
An intermediary social determinant of health is:
A. stress
B. senior management
C. social class
D. social stratification
A. stress
Intermediary determinants of health form the bridge between the structural determinants and the individual manifestations of the health inequalities (Solar & Irwin 2007). The social determinants of health that are intermediary in nature are downstream and closer to the individual and addressed through community and individual health interventions.
If we considered health in terms of individual psychology and behaviour, this model would be called:
A. biological
B. biopsychological
C. biosocial-psychological
D. psychological
B. biopsychological
This model describes health as being a combination of an individual’s psychology and behaviour.
The ‘social’ aspects of the biopsychosocial model of health examines the evidence, debates and theories that argue that illness and disease for individuals, populations and nations is not simply a matter of germs and viruses (biomedical) or individual psychology and behaviour (biopsychological) but a complex interaction between the social system of a given society and the individual (biopsychosocial) and their particular genetic inheritance (biomedical).
Which is the most important determinant of health?
A. Socioeconomic position
B. Health behaviour
C. Diet
D. Whether or not a person smokes cigarettes
A. Socioeconomic position
Health and illness are seen to be partly attributed to the social circumstances of individuals and populations. These social circumstances include level of income in absolute terms and relative to other people in the population, their education, employment, gender, culture and status. Epidemiological evidence provides clear proof of differences in health status between individuals based on these factors.
The social determinants of health suggest that:
A. psychology should help with intermediary changes in health
B. psychology is of little use in changing health
C. government policymakers should undergo therapy
D. none of the above
A. psychology should help with intermediary changes in health
There is a pathway between social factors and the individual, their behaviour and mental states that influence health.
Prostate cancer is higher in males because of:
A. structural determinants of gender differences in our society
B. physiological differences
C. intermediary determinants of gender differences in our society
D. social policy differences in how men and women can access health services
B. physiological differences
Differences in rates of prostate cancer between males and females are a consequence of being male rather than any inequity between men and women, since women do not have prostates.
As income increases:
A. exercise becomes less and health is worse
B. more fatty foods are eaten and health is worse
C. health is better
D. both a and b are true
C. health is better
Income has a direct positive relationship with health; as income improves, health improves.
One social determinant reason suggested for poorer health among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people is:
A. colonisation
B. they have less income
C. the desert dust hurts them
D. the gap between their income and other Australians is large
D. the gap between their income and other Australians is large
Income has a direct positive relationship with health; as income improves, health improves. Correspondingly if income decreases, health decreases (Baum 2005).
Moving to a new, healthier country will improve your health.
A. True
B. False
B. False
Health depends on many factors, some of which (such as genetics) do not change with migration.
The probability of an infant dying can be affected by government policies.
A. True
B. False
A. True
The health impact of government policies is illustrated in the differences in mortality rates between the UK (free universal healthcare to all), the United States (private system with access to free healthcare means tested in its extension to the poor and elderly only) and Australia with a mixed public–private system.
Better education is associated with better health.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Education enhances an individual’s capacity to make healthy life choice as it exposes the adult to an array of health resources and services.
Providing better public transport is a health strategy.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Transport contributes to a reduction in social isolation, increases the chance of poor people entering a city for employment and increases the opportunities to access health services.
