2A: physical demands of performance Flashcards
what is health
a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
what is fitness
the ability to meet or cope with the demands of the environment
what are health related components of fitness
they have a strong relationship with overall health and are associated with a lower prevalence of chronic disease like CVD, osteoporosis and depression
what are the health related components of fitness
cardiovascular and muscular endurance, muscular strength, flexibility and body composition
what is cardiovascular endurance
the ability of the body to perform prolonged dynamic exercise eg triathlon
what is muscular strength
the amount of force a muscle can exert with a single maximum effort eg weightlifting
what is muscular endurance
the ability of a muscle or group of muscles to remain contracted or to contract repeatedly eg swimming
what is flexibility
the range of movement available in a joint or group of joints
what is body composition
the proportion of fat and fat free (muscle, bone and water) mass in the body
what are performance related components of fitness
they do not specifically impact on recreational performance but are important in the performance of sports.
what are the PRF’s
agility, balance, coordination, power, speed and reaction time
what is agility
the ability to move and change direction quickly while maintaining control eg soccer
what is balance
the ability to keep the body stable by maintaining equilibrium while moving or stationary eg gymnastics
what is coordination
the ability to use two or more different parts of the body together, smoothly and efficiently eg hurling
what is power
the product of strength and speed eg rugby
what is speed
the maximum rate at which an individual is able to cover a distance in a period of time, speed = distance divided by time, eg sprinting
what is reaction time
the time taken to start responding to a stimulus and initiate a response eg goalkeeping
why would you fitness test
identify a needs analysis, help set realistic goals, monitor how effective training is, help form a training programme and intensities
what is a fitness test battery
a group of fitness tests that closely represent the physiological demands of the sport or event the athlete competes in.
how would you select which tests to test in a battery
choose the components of fitness most relevant to their sport, check the test is valid and has normative data, check resources available
what do you need to consider before setting up a test battery
necessary equipment, health and safety considerations, the sequence or order of tests eg fatiguing tests at the end, age/ability of participants, allow for warm up and breaks, do participants understand the tests, is data valid
what is validity
a test that follows the correct protocol
what is reliability
tests are set up the same way when they are conducted on a repeated basis
what is normative data
data collected from a specific population which can be used as a comparison for individuals within that population
