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BIOETHICS > 2ND EXAM > Flashcards

2ND EXAM Flashcards

1
Q

child’s capacity to live independently of its mother after it has left the womb

A

viability

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2
Q

is the expulsion of a living fetus from the mother’s womb before it is viable

A

abortion

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3
Q

the expulsion of the fetus through natural or accidental causes

A

natural abortion

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4
Q

refers to the deliberately induced expulsion of a living fetus before it become viable

A

intentional abortion

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5
Q

deliberately induced expulsion of a living fetus in order to save the mother from the danger of death brought by pregnancy

A

therapeutic abortion

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6
Q

is a special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman entered in accordance with the law for the establishment of conjugal and family life

A

marriage

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7
Q

is defined as deliberately putting to death, in an easy, painless way, of an individual suffering from an incurable condition

A

euthanasia

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8
Q

means slow and painful death without quality of life

A

dysthanasia

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9
Q

is the way in which we express ourselves and we experience as sexual beings

A

human sexuality

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10
Q

key factors in Christian sexual ethics

A

marriage
procreation

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11
Q

it teaches us that there is a universal human nature established by God

A

catholicism

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12
Q

is sexual activity between two people who are not married to each other

A

premarital ex

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13
Q

is sex occuring outside marriage, usually referring to when a married person engages sexual activity with someone other than their marriage partner

A

extramarital sex

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14
Q

defined as the voluntary prevention of conception by the positive use of artificial means which hinder the generative cells from uniting during the sexual act

A

contraception

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15
Q

moral issue of contraception

A

the rightness or wrongness of the use of various methods by which conception can be prevented in conjugal union

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16
Q

consists of depositing a man’s semen in the vagina, cervical canal, or uterus through the use of instruments to bring about conception unattained or unattainable by sexual intercourse

A

artificial insemination

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17
Q

in which semen is obtained from the husband himself

A

homologous insemination (AIH)

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18
Q

a technique used to facilitate human conception through the transfer into a woman’s vagina of the sperm previously extracted from her husband

A

homologous artificial insemination

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19
Q

sometimes called “do it yourself” AI

A

homologous artificial insemination

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20
Q

a technique used to facilitate a human conception through in vitro fertilization of the generative cells

A

homologous IVF and ET

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21
Q

a technique in which the semen is acquired from a donor other than the husband

A

heterologous (AID)

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22
Q

the technique used to obtain a human conception through the transfer into the genital tracts of the wife of the sperm previously extracted from a donor other than a husband

A

heterologous artificial insemination

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23
Q

is the technique used to obtain a human conception through in vitro fertilization of the sperm and egg taken from at least one donor other than the two spouses in marriage

A

heterologous IVF and Et

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24
Q

is a biomedical techniques whereby a fertilized ovum is implanted into the uterus of another woman who will carry the baby to term either a a favor or for free

A

surrogate motherhood

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25
Q

means substitute, from the Latin surrogatus “in place of another”

A

surrogate

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26
Q

another form of the commodification of women’s bodies

A

surrogacy

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27
Q

this is recommended in case where certain defects are discovered in the developing fetus

A

eugenic abortion

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28
Q

the removal of the fetus occurs as the secondary effect of legitimate or licit actions, which is the direct and primary object of intention

A

indirect abortion

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29
Q

is the disapproving view of abortion, “from the moment of conception, the life of every human being is to be respected in an absolute way because man is the only creature on earth that God has wished for himself”

A

prolife position

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30
Q

means worthiness and nobility

A

dignity

31
Q

a person is dead when the heart has stopped beating

A

death

32
Q

means the separation of body and soul

A

death

33
Q

refer to a condition in which the brain is completely destroyed, and in which the cessation of function of all other organs are imminent and inevitable

A

brain death

34
Q

there refers to the disintegration and breakdown of the metabolic processes of the body’s substance

A

death

35
Q

terminally ill patient will deliberately, directly terminate his life by employing painless methods

A

active/positive euthanasia

36
Q

it is an act of commission insofar as it is voluntary and deliberate

A

active/positive euthanasia

37
Q

in which one allows oneself to die without taking any medicine or by refusing medical treatment

A

passive or negative euthansia

38
Q

is an act of omission as one simply refuses to take anything to sustain life

A

passive/negative euthanasia

39
Q

physician assisted suicide entails making lethal means available to the patient to be used at a time of the patient’s own choosing

A

assisted suicide

40
Q

where the sick person wishes to terminate their own life but needs help to carry out this act

A

assisted suicide

41
Q

also known as bitterness or aggressive therapy as it takes into the account of the dying

A

dysthanasia

42
Q

a normal or natural manner of death and dying, sometimes used to denote the deliberate stopping of artificial or heroic means of maintaining life

A

orthothanasia

43
Q

are legal documents that allow you to spell out your decisions about end of life care ahead of time

A

advance directives

44
Q

is a medical order written by a doctor. It instructs health care providers not to do CPR

A

DNR

45
Q

is the clear description of the dilemma and the circumstances revolving around it

A

problem definition

46
Q

during this phase of ethical decision making process includes a review of ethical codes, published evidence based practices, declaratory statements, professional position papers and the prof literature

A

data collection

47
Q

as a systematic investigation to find answers to questions or to solve problems or to test theories

A

research

48
Q

it is something that furnishes proof or testimony or something legally submitted to ascertain in the truth of matter

A

evidence

49
Q

it is systematic interconnecting of scientifically generated evidence with the tacit knowledge of the expert practitioner to achieve a change in a particular practice for the benefit of a well

A

evidence based practice

50
Q

it is a process by which nurses make clinical decisions using the best available research evidence, their clinical expertise and patient preferences

A

evidence based nursing

51
Q

is an international ethical and scientific quality standard for the design, conduct, performance, monitoring, auditing, recording, analyses, and reporting of clinical trials

A

good clinical practice

52
Q

aimed to protect human subjects from enduring the kind of cruelty and exploitation

A

nuremberg code

53
Q

a statement of ethical principles to provide guidance to physicians and other participants in medical research involving human subjects

A

declaration of helsinki

54
Q

was issued in april 1979 by the national commission for the protection of human subjects of biomedical and behavioral research

A

belmont report

55
Q

this principles acknowledges the dignity and freedom of every person. It requires obtaining informed consent from research subjects

A

respect for persons

56
Q

this principle requires that researchers maximize benefits and minimize harms associated with research

A

beneficence

57
Q

this principle requires equitable selection and recruitment and fair treatment of research subjects

A

justice

58
Q

the nurse practices with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity, family, group, community, or population

A

provision 1

59
Q

the nurse’s primary commitment is to the patient, whether an individual, family, group, community, or population

A

provision 2

60
Q

the nurse promotes, advocates for, and protects the rights, health, and safety of the patient

A

provision 3

61
Q

the nurse has the authority, accountability, and responsibility for nursing practice; makes decisions, and takes action consistent with the obligation to provide optimal patient care

A

provision 4

62
Q

the nurse owes the same duties to self as to others, including the responsibility to promote health and safety, preserve the wholeness of character and integrity, maintain competence, and continue personal and professional growth

A

provision 5

63
Q

the nurse, through individual and collective effort, establishes, maintains, and improves the ethical environment of the work setting and conditions of employment that are conducive to safe, quality healthcare

A

provision 6

64
Q

the nurse in all roles and settings, advances the profession through research and scholarly injury, professional standards development and the generation of both nursing and health policy

A

provision 7

65
Q

the nurse collaborates with other health professionals and the public to protect human rights, promote health diplomacy, and reduce health policy

A

provision 8

66
Q

the profession of nursing collectively through its professional organization must articulate nursing values, maintain the integrity of the profession, and integrate principles of social justice into nursing and health policy

A

provision 9

67
Q

is an international ethical and scientific quality standard for the design, conduct, performance, monitoring, auditing, recording, analyses, and reporting of clinical trials

A

good clinical practice

68
Q

it serves to protect the rights, integrity and confidentiality of trial subjects

A

good clinical practice

69
Q

provides assurance that the data and reported results are credible and accurate, and that the rights, integrity and confidentiality of trials subjects are respected and protected

A

good clinical practice

70
Q

is the historical account of the patient/provider encounter and serves as a legal document for the use in legal proceedings

A

medical record

71
Q

clinical staff have a professional obligation to maintain documentation that is clear, concise, and comprehensive as an accurate and true record of care

A

comprehensive and complete record

72
Q

documentation is patient centered, patient focused. collaborative, and appropriate to the setting in which the care is provided and the purpose for which the information recorded

A

patient centered and collaborative

73
Q

documentation systems will ensure and maintain patient confidentiality in all care settings

A

ensure and maintain confidentiality

74
Q
A

BIOETHICS (3 decks)

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