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Social Studies 8th Grade > 2nd Semester Finals > Flashcards

2nd Semester Finals Flashcards

1
Q

Japanese surprise attack location

A

Pearl Harbor

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2
Q

President of US when ww2 began

A

Franklin D. Roosevelt

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3
Q

What gave Hitler complete control?

A

Enabling Act

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4
Q

What was the Mahatten projects purpose?

A

To create the ultimate weapon

atomic bomb

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5
Q

Where is Korea divided into North and South?

A

38th Parallel

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6
Q

In what case did the Supreme Court rule against segregation in school?

A

Brown VS Board of Education

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7
Q

President who ordered the first use atomic bombs

A

Harry S Truman

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8
Q

A direct result from the glasnost policy is…

A

Freedoms of speech in Russia

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9
Q

Who is the founder a fascism and Italy’s wartime leader?

A

Benito Mussolini

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10
Q

Who wrote Mein Kampf while in prison?

A

Adolf Hitler

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11
Q

After investigating the assassination of JFK the Warren commission concluded that…

A

It was not a conspiracy

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12
Q

After the Allied victory in north Africa Churchhill urged Americans to strike at the soft underbelly of the axis. Where did the US decide to attack?

A

Italy

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13
Q

After World War II the Marshall plan was proposed as a way to…

A

Repair European economies

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14
Q

American actions in the settlement of Yom Kippur war of 1973 resulted in…

A

An oil embargo

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15
Q

At Mai Lai American solders were accused of…

A

Massacring innocent women and children

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16
Q

Posters of Rosie the Riveter were used to… (WW II)

A

Recruit women into the workforce

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17
Q

The federal government used rationing to… (WW II)

A

Conserve resources for the war effort

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18
Q

What was Hitlers attempt to annihilate all the Jews?

A

Holocaust

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19
Q

From December 1944-January 1945 Germany fighting all out attempt to break through the Allied lines with the surprise thrust through the Ardennes forest. This month long battle was known as the battle of…

A

the Bulge

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20
Q

Germany’s generals devised a new type of war warfare which relied on fast movement and coordinated air and ground attacks. this new type of warfare was called…

A

Blitzkrieg

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21
Q

How did American women contribute to the war effort?

A

They worked in factories

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22
Q

How did life in the suburbs influence consumer spending in the 1950’s?

A

Consumer spending increased

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23
Q

How did the media affect attitudes in the U.S. during the Vietnam War?

A

The intense media coverage made US citizens dislike the war

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24
Q

How was propaganda used in the U.S.? (WW II)

A

Motivate and unite citizens

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25
Q

In 1944 Congress enacted the GI Bill of Rights in order to…

A

help veterans after the war

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26
Q

In 1973 the OPEC nation cut off their supply of ____ to the U.S.

A

Oil

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27
Q

In 1987 soviet president Gorbachev announced his plans for ___, or a reconstructing of the soviet economy and government.

A

perestroika

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28
Q

In the 1950’s both the beat movement an rock and roll were viewed as forms of…

A

rebellion

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29
Q

Military leader of Japan?

A

Heideki Tojo

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30
Q

Reasons the Soviet Union formed the Warsaw Pact were…

A

to oppose NATO

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31
Q

Pact between Hitler and Stalin to split Poland was called the…

A

USSR/NAZI Pact

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32
Q

Where did the leaders of Germany, Britain, France, and Italy met in 1938 to declare peace?

A

Munich

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33
Q

Truman’s decision to use the atomic bombs against Japan was primarily based on his belief that…

A

the war would be long and costly

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34
Q

Soviet and Western wartime corporation had already degenerated into serious degeneration at the the Potsdam Conference in July 1945 because…

A

Stalin had reneged on his promise to allow free elections in Soviet-occupied Eastern Europe

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35
Q

The Allied plan for the invasion of Europe was code-named…

A

Operation Overlord

36
Q

The first Earth Day, celebrated in 1970, was a response to what?

A

Vietnam War

37
Q

The first naval battle in US military history in which the two fleets engaged in battle but never fired a single shot at one another from their massive deck guns became known as the battle of

A

the Coral Sea.

38
Q

The top-secret project carried out by US scientists to develop the atomic bomb was called

A

The Manhattan Project

39
Q

The US Marshall Plan combined altruism with self-interest because the sheer generosity of the US was rewarded by

A

the containment of communism and the opening of a rich market for US industry

40
Q

This country was invaded and it started WWII

A

Poland

41
Q

To help pay for WWII, the US government relied heavily on the

A

sale of war bonds

42
Q

To keep away from global conflicts

A

Isolationism

43
Q

Totalitarian form of government which has one leader and one party

A

fascism

44
Q

Treaty that many believed had treated Germany unfairly

A

Versailles

45
Q

What action by the US caused the Japanese to execute the Pearl Harbor attack?

A

the US cut off all oil and steel shipments to Japan until they abandoned all conquered territory

46
Q

What battle was the first major land battle for the US in the Pacific?

A

Guadalcanal

47
Q

What brought an end to the Cold War in the 1990s?

A

Gorbachev’s 5 points, internal rebellion

48
Q

What defines the domino theory?

A

The fall of one nation to communism will lead to the fall of surrounding nations to communism

49
Q

What did Nixon and Krushchev argue about in the Kitchen Debate?

A

The superiority of each economic system

50
Q

What did the Berlin Airlift teach the Soviet Union?

A

The United Nations would not be bullied into compliance with Stalin

51
Q

What did the Truman Doctrine promise?

A

contained commusim

52
Q

What does the term McCarthyism mean?

A

accusing people of being communist without evidence

53
Q

What event in December 1941 brought the United States into World War II?

A

Pearl Harbor

54
Q

What is the difference between NATO and the Warsaw Pact?

A

The Warsaw Pact - led by Soviet Union and communist

NATO - capitalist/democracy

55
Q

What is the predominant religion in the Middle East?

A

Islam

56
Q

What led to the Iranian hostage crisis?

A

US refused medical service to an Iranian leader

57
Q

What two countries were involved in the Camp David Accords?

A

Egypt and Israel

58
Q

What was a lasting effect of the Watergate scandal under President Richard Nixon?

A

distrust of the government

59
Q

What was a long-term effect of the Vietnam War?

A

Less American boots on the ground

60
Q

What was an example of the British and French policy of appeasement?

A

they gave Germany the Sudetenland

61
Q

What was one reason that some Americans criticized the war and the draft?

A

lack of progress in Vietnam

62
Q

What was the Arms Race?

A

A stockpiling of nuclear weapons in the event of war

63
Q

What was the British Invasion?

A

Musical movement in the 60s featuring lots of British artists

64
Q

What was the cause of the Korean War?

A

Communist North Korea invaded anti-communist South Korea

65
Q

What was the Iron Curtain?

A

An imaginary border that divided Europe into communist and anti-communist

66
Q

What was the name given to the strategy used by the US forces to defeat the Japanese?

A

island hopping

67
Q

What was the name of the battle that is considered to be the turning point of the Pacific War?

A

Midway

68
Q

What was the name of the first Japanese city to be bombed by an atomic bomb?

A

Hiroshima

69
Q

Where did the Allied leaders believe they had to defeat the Axis before they could invade southern Europe?

A

North Africa

70
Q

Where was D-Day fought?

A

Beaches of Normandy, France

71
Q

Where, to this day, is Korea divided between North and South?

A

38th Parallel

72
Q

Which law or Supreme Court Decision abolished literacy tests as a requirement of voting and used federal workers to help register black voters?

A

Voting Rights Act of 1965

73
Q

Which of the following best explains why Americans worried about Sputnik?

A

Soviet spying and nuclear attacks from space

74
Q

Which of the following was an important reason that the United States used atomic bombs against Japan?

A

Japan wouldn’t surrender

75
Q

Which of the following was NOT true of the Tet offensive?

A

The North Korean fighters severely damaged the US embassy

76
Q

Which precedent was established by the Nuremberg war crimes trials?

A

National leaders can be held responsible for crimes against humanity

77
Q

Which presidents were president while the Vietnam War was going on?

A 
Dwight Eisenhower
John F. Kennedy
Lyndon B. Johnson
Richard Nixon
Gerald Ford
78
Q

Who led German and American forces in North Africa?

A

Erwin Rommel and Dwight Eisenhower

79
Q

Who was the only president in American history whose term ended with the elected president and elected vice president no longer in office?

A

Gerald Ford

80
Q

Who were the Presidents in the 1950s?

A

Truman and Eisenhower

81
Q

Who were the presidents in the 1960s?

A

JFK, Lyndon B. Johnson, Nixon

82
Q

Who were the presidents in the 1970s?

A

Nixon, Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter

83
Q

Who were the presidents in the 1980s?

A

Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush

84
Q

Why did large numbers of Americans eventually oppose the Vietnam War?

A

TV casualty reports

85
Q

Why did the US government secretly help to overthrow the leader of Iran?

A

to increase Westernization

86
Q

Why is the Cuban Missile Crisis the closest we ever came to war during the Cold War?

A

Cuba had Soviet nuclear missiles aimed towards the US, just 90 miles away

87
Q

Why was the conflict between the US and the Soviet Union called the Cold War?

A

no battles actually fought

Social Studies 8th Grade (9 decks)

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