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Social Studies 8th Grade > 2nd Semester Finals > Flashcards

2nd Semester Finals Flashcards

1
Q

Japanese surprise attack location

A

Pearl Harbor

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2
Q

President of US when ww2 began

A

Franklin D. Roosevelt

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3
Q

What gave Hitler complete control?

A

Enabling Act

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4
Q

What was the Mahatten projects purpose?

A

To create the ultimate weapon

atomic bomb

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5
Q

Where is Korea divided into North and South?

A

38th Parallel

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6
Q

In what case did the Supreme Court rule against segregation in school?

A

Brown VS Board of Education

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7
Q

President who ordered the first use atomic bombs

A

Harry S Truman

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8
Q

A direct result from the glasnost policy is…

A

Freedoms of speech in Russia

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9
Q

Who is the founder a fascism and Italy’s wartime leader?

A

Benito Mussolini

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10
Q

Who wrote Mein Kampf while in prison?

A

Adolf Hitler

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11
Q

After investigating the assassination of JFK the Warren commission concluded that…

A

It was not a conspiracy

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12
Q

After the Allied victory in north Africa Churchhill urged Americans to strike at the soft underbelly of the axis. Where did the US decide to attack?

A

Italy

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13
Q

After World War II the Marshall plan was proposed as a way to…

A

Repair European economies

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14
Q

American actions in the settlement of Yom Kippur war of 1973 resulted in…

A

An oil embargo

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15
Q

At Mai Lai American solders were accused of…

A

Massacring innocent women and children

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16
Q

Posters of Rosie the Riveter were used to… (WW II)

A

Recruit women into the workforce

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17
Q

The federal government used rationing to… (WW II)

A

Conserve resources for the war effort

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18
Q

What was Hitlers attempt to annihilate all the Jews?

A

Holocaust

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19
Q

From December 1944-January 1945 Germany fighting all out attempt to break through the Allied lines with the surprise thrust through the Ardennes forest. This month long battle was known as the battle of…

A

the Bulge

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20
Q

Germany’s generals devised a new type of war warfare which relied on fast movement and coordinated air and ground attacks. this new type of warfare was called…

A

Blitzkrieg

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21
Q

How did American women contribute to the war effort?

A

They worked in factories

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22
Q

How did life in the suburbs influence consumer spending in the 1950’s?

A

Consumer spending increased

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23
Q

How did the media affect attitudes in the U.S. during the Vietnam War?

A

The intense media coverage made US citizens dislike the war

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24
Q

How was propaganda used in the U.S.? (WW II)

A

Motivate and unite citizens

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25
In 1944 Congress enacted the GI Bill of Rights in order to...
help veterans after the war
26
In 1973 the OPEC nation cut off their supply of ____ to the U.S.
Oil
27
In 1987 soviet president Gorbachev announced his plans for ___, or a reconstructing of the soviet economy and government.
perestroika
28
In the 1950's both the beat movement an rock and roll were viewed as forms of...
rebellion
29
Military leader of Japan?
Heideki Tojo
30
Reasons the Soviet Union formed the Warsaw Pact were...
to oppose NATO
31
Pact between Hitler and Stalin to split Poland was called the...
USSR/NAZI Pact
32
Where did the leaders of Germany, Britain, France, and Italy met in 1938 to declare peace?
Munich
33
Truman's decision to use the atomic bombs against Japan was primarily based on his belief that...
the war would be long and costly
34
Soviet and Western wartime corporation had already degenerated into serious degeneration at the the Potsdam Conference in July 1945 because...
Stalin had reneged on his promise to allow free elections in Soviet-occupied Eastern Europe
35
The Allied plan for the invasion of Europe was code-named...
Operation Overlord
36
The first Earth Day, celebrated in 1970, was a response to what?
Vietnam War
37
The first naval battle in US military history in which the two fleets engaged in battle but never fired a single shot at one another from their massive deck guns became known as the battle of
the Coral Sea.
38
The top-secret project carried out by US scientists to develop the atomic bomb was called
The Manhattan Project
39
The US Marshall Plan combined altruism with self-interest because the sheer generosity of the US was rewarded by
the containment of communism and the opening of a rich market for US industry
40
This country was invaded and it started WWII
Poland
41
To help pay for WWII, the US government relied heavily on the
sale of war bonds
42
To keep away from global conflicts
Isolationism
43
Totalitarian form of government which has one leader and one party
fascism
44
Treaty that many believed had treated Germany unfairly
Versailles
45
What action by the US caused the Japanese to execute the Pearl Harbor attack?
the US cut off all oil and steel shipments to Japan until they abandoned all conquered territory
46
What battle was the first major land battle for the US in the Pacific?
Guadalcanal
47
What brought an end to the Cold War in the 1990s?
Gorbachev's 5 points, internal rebellion
48
What defines the domino theory?
The fall of one nation to communism will lead to the fall of surrounding nations to communism
49
What did Nixon and Krushchev argue about in the Kitchen Debate?
The superiority of each economic system
50
What did the Berlin Airlift teach the Soviet Union?
The United Nations would not be bullied into compliance with Stalin
51
What did the Truman Doctrine promise?
contained commusim
52
What does the term McCarthyism mean?
accusing people of being communist without evidence
53
What event in December 1941 brought the United States into World War II?
Pearl Harbor
54
What is the difference between NATO and the Warsaw Pact?
The Warsaw Pact - led by Soviet Union and communist | NATO - capitalist/democracy
55
What is the predominant religion in the Middle East?
Islam
56
What led to the Iranian hostage crisis?
US refused medical service to an Iranian leader
57
What two countries were involved in the Camp David Accords?
Egypt and Israel
58
What was a lasting effect of the Watergate scandal under President Richard Nixon?
distrust of the government
59
What was a long-term effect of the Vietnam War?
Less American boots on the ground
60
What was an example of the British and French policy of appeasement?
they gave Germany the Sudetenland
61
What was one reason that some Americans criticized the war and the draft?
lack of progress in Vietnam
62
What was the Arms Race?
A stockpiling of nuclear weapons in the event of war
63
What was the British Invasion?
Musical movement in the 60s featuring lots of British artists
64
What was the cause of the Korean War?
Communist North Korea invaded anti-communist South Korea
65
What was the Iron Curtain?
An imaginary border that divided Europe into communist and anti-communist
66
What was the name given to the strategy used by the US forces to defeat the Japanese?
island hopping
67
What was the name of the battle that is considered to be the turning point of the Pacific War?
Midway
68
What was the name of the first Japanese city to be bombed by an atomic bomb?
Hiroshima
69
Where did the Allied leaders believe they had to defeat the Axis before they could invade southern Europe?
North Africa
70
Where was D-Day fought?
Beaches of Normandy, France
71
Where, to this day, is Korea divided between North and South?
38th Parallel
72
Which law or Supreme Court Decision abolished literacy tests as a requirement of voting and used federal workers to help register black voters?
Voting Rights Act of 1965
73
Which of the following best explains why Americans worried about Sputnik?
Soviet spying and nuclear attacks from space
74
Which of the following was an important reason that the United States used atomic bombs against Japan?
Japan wouldn't surrender
75
Which of the following was NOT true of the Tet offensive?
The North Korean fighters severely damaged the US embassy
76
Which precedent was established by the Nuremberg war crimes trials?
National leaders can be held responsible for crimes against humanity
77
Which presidents were president while the Vietnam War was going on?
``` Dwight Eisenhower John F. Kennedy Lyndon B. Johnson Richard Nixon Gerald Ford ```
78
Who led German and American forces in North Africa?
Erwin Rommel and Dwight Eisenhower
79
Who was the only president in American history whose term ended with the elected president and elected vice president no longer in office?
Gerald Ford
80
Who were the Presidents in the 1950s?
Truman and Eisenhower
81
Who were the presidents in the 1960s?
JFK, Lyndon B. Johnson, Nixon
82
Who were the presidents in the 1970s?
Nixon, Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter
83
Who were the presidents in the 1980s?
Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush
84
Why did large numbers of Americans eventually oppose the Vietnam War?
TV casualty reports
85
Why did the US government secretly help to overthrow the leader of Iran?
to increase Westernization
86
Why is the Cuban Missile Crisis the closest we ever came to war during the Cold War?
Cuba had Soviet nuclear missiles aimed towards the US, just 90 miles away
87
Why was the conflict between the US and the Soviet Union called the Cold War?
no battles actually fought

Social Studies 8th Grade (9 decks)

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