[2S] UNIT 3.2 Gram (+) Cocci - Streptococci

Question 1

GENERALITIES

Belong to the family Streptococcaceae

Answer 1

Streptococcus and Enterococcus spp.

Question 2

GENERALITIES

Gram (+) cocci in chains, except

Answer 2

S. pneumoniae (diplococci)

Question 3

GENERALITIES

T/F: Streptococci behave like facultative anaerobes

Answer 3

T

Question 4

GENERALITIES

Grow in the presence of oxygen but are unable to
use oxygen for respiration, hence, they are considered aerotolerant anaerobes

Answer 4

Streptococcus

Question 5

GENERALITIES

Can metabolize sugar in the presence or absence of oxygen

Answer 5

Streptococcus

Question 6

GENERALITIES

Major end product of Strep

Answer 6

Carbohydrates metabolized fermentatively with lactic acid (gas is not produced)

Question 7

GENERALITIES

T/F: Strep are non-motile and non-spore formers

Answer 7

T

Question 8

GENERALITIES

Result of strep to catalase test

Answer 8

Negative, gram (+) cocci (pairs / chains)

Question 9

GENERALITIES

T/F: A negative catalase test result differentiates
streptococci and enterococci from staphylococci. Weak false-positive catalase reactions can be seen when growth is taken from media containing blood, owing to the peroxidase activity of hemoglobin

Answer 9

T

Question 10

GENERALITIES

Compared with the cells of other gram-positive cocci,
those of enterococci and some streptococci appear more ______ than spherical. The streptococcal cells are more likely to appear in chains when grown in broth cultures

Answer 10

elongated

Question 11

GENERALITIES

T/F: Some may require 5-10% CO2 for growth (some can be capnophilic)

Answer 11

T

Question 12

GENERALITIES

Sole product of glucose fermentation is lactic acid and no gas formation

Answer 12

Homofermentative

Question 13

GENERALITIES

Poor growth on nutrient media (e.g., trypticase soy
agar): More pronounced growth on media enriched with blood or serum.

Answer 13

Streptococcus

Question 14

GENERALITIES

Colonies are usually small and transparent.

Answer 14

Streptococcus

Question 15

GENERALITIES

If you want to grow Streptococcus spp. you may use “______ ____ system”

Answer 15

candle jar

Question 16

Medium required for strep & entero

Answer 16

Enriched / Supportive : BAP (w/ Antibiotics)

Question 17

T/F: Streptococcus & Enterococcus are susceptible to Vancomycin

Answer 17

T

Question 18

Causes a wide spectrum of infections, such as UTIs,
sepsis, pharyngitis, endocarditis, tissue abscess, meningitis, rheumatic fever, and impetigo

Answer 18

Streptococcus & Enterococcus

Question 19

T/F: Classification to Enterococcus is simpler compared to Staphylococcus which is diverse

Answer 19

F; Classification to Staphylococcus is simpler compared to Enterococcus which is diverse

Question 20

CLASSIFICATION OF STREPTOCOCCI AND
ENTEROCOCCI

Basis of sherman’s classification wherein Streptococci and
Enterococci are group as pyogenic, viridans, lactic, and enterococcal

Answer 20

Physiological Characteristics

Question 21

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

grows at 37°C; pus forming

Answer 21

Pyogenic

Question 22

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

grows at 37°C and 45°C and alpha hemolytic

Answer 22

VIridans

Question 23

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

grows at 10°C and 37°C

Answer 23

Lactic

Question 24

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

grows at 10°C, 37°C, and 45°C

Answer 24

Enterococcal

Question 25

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS S. pyogenes

Answer 25

Pyogenic

Question 26

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS S. salivarius, S. mutans, S. mitis, S. sanguis

Answer 26

Viridans

Question 27

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS S. lactis

Answer 27

Lactic

Question 28

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS E. faecalis*, E. faecium, E. durans, E. avium

Answer 28

Enterococcal

Question 29

The members of Streptococci and Enterococci can be differentiated or distinguished based on a certain cell wall component found in these groups of organisms

Answer 29

Rebecca Lancefield Classification

Question 30

Basis: Grouped based on the cell wall polysaccharide (Common C Carbohydrate) Antigen and cell wall teichoic acids - Reaction to Lancefield's Anti-sera

Answer 30

Rebecca Lancefield Classification

Question 31

REBECCA LANCEFIELD CLASSIFICATION cell wall polysaccharide

Answer 31

A, B, C, F, and G

Question 32

REBECCA LANCEFIELD CLASSIFICATION cell wall teichoic acids

Answer 32

D and Enterococcus

Question 33

2 members of streptococci not classified under rebecca lancefield

Answer 33

Viridans streptococci Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 34

CLASSIFICATION OF STREPTOCOCCI AND ENTEROCOCCI Basis: Hemolytic Patterns

Answer 34

Brown's Classification

Question 35

BROWN’S CLASSIFICATION partial hemolysis

Answer 35

α

Question 36

BROWN’S CLASSIFICATION complete zone of hemolysis

Answer 36

β

Question 37

BROWN’S CLASSIFICATION non-hemolytic

Answer 37

ɣ

Question 38

BROWN’S CLASSIFICATION wide zone alpha hemolytic

Answer 38

α’

Question 39

BROWN’S CLASSIFICATION ○ Partial hemolysis in inner zone ○ Complete hemolysis in outer zone

Answer 39

α’

Question 40

- Group A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus - Colonizes skin & throat

Answer 40

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 41

Antigenic Structure: Gr (+) cell wall (peptidoglycan) and presence of M protein

Answer 41

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 42

INFECTIONS Grp A Streptococcal Infxn : Most common manifestation includes tonsilitis & pharyngitis Strep Throat

Answer 42

Bacterial Pharyngitis

Question 43

INFECTIONS Resembles pharyngitis with skin rash, desquamation of skin; "strawberry tongue" - Production of erythrogenic toxin

Answer 43

PYODERMAL: Scarlet Fever

Question 44

INFECTIONS Impetigo cellulitis, erysipelas

Answer 44

Pyodermal Infxn

Question 45

GENUS STREP Flesh eating disease

Answer 45

Necrotizing Fascitis

Question 46

GENUS STREP Suppurative Fasciitis, Hospital Gangrene, Necrotizing Erysipelas

Answer 46

Necrotizing Fascitis

Question 47

GENUS STREP Necrosis of skin, subcutaneous fat and fascia

Answer 47

Necrotizing Fascitis

Question 48

GRP A STREP Pyogenic Exotoxin A

Question 49

GRP A STREP Acute Rheumatic Fever & Rheumatic Heart Disease : Fever, Arthralgia, Cardiac Valvular Disease

Answer 49

Postreptococcal Sequelae

Question 50

GRP A STREP Acute Glomerulonephritis : Edema, Hypertension, Hematuria, Proteinuria & RBC Casts

Answer 50

Postreptococcal Sequelae

Question 51

Group A Strep DOC

Answer 51

Penicillin / Erythromycin

Question 51

Other infections : Otitis media, pneumonia, and bacteremia

Answer 51

Group A Strep