3/26/16 Flashcards by Keegan Sturgill

HALT (target cells)

Hemogloglobin C
Asplenia
Liver disease
Thalassemia

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Categorical Test (ex: race); NOT numerical in nature

Chi-square test

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Dependent T- test vs. Independent-T test

Dependent: Used to analyze the mean of one group at two different times
Independent: Used to analyze the mean in TWO groups at ONE time

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In Job syndrome (HYPER-IgE) HELPER T-cells are failing to produce what?

IFN-gamma leading to an inability of neutrophils to respond to chemotactic stimuli (skin infections/ afebrile due to lack of inflammatory response)
“Course Facies”

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LFA-1 integrin on phagocytes (used to bind ICAM-I)

Defective in LAD

CD18

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Thayer-Martin Media contains:

Vancomycin, Colistin (polymixin), and nystatin

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Yellow fever and smallpox vaccines

Live attenuated vaccine that induces both cell mediated and humoral
Inactivated vaccines such as Influenza only produces B-cell/Humoral immunity

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Class III antiarrhythmic agent

Prolongs repolarization by blocking outward potassium conductance (prolongs QT interval) … No effect on QRS

Sotalol

LEARN ANTI-ARRYTHMICS

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Raloxifene vs Tamoxifen

Raloxifene (also used in osteoporosis) is a much better option if the patient hasn’t had a hysterectomy because unlike Tamoxifen it is an ANTAGONIST in both the breast and endometrium

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Indinavir (protease inhibit for HIV) ADR:

Thrombocytopenia

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Pellagra

3Ds
Dermatitis
Diarrhea
Dementia
Tx= Niacin (know side effects)

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Angular stomatitis, cheilosis (inflammation of the lips), and corneal vascularization

Deficiency of Riboflavin (vitamin B2)

look up vitamin deficiencies ex. E

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Negative symptoms of schizo

Poverty of speech
Flat affect
Amotivation
Disinterest in forming relationships
(Note: meds do not really help these symptoms if even do tho it is the atypicals)

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Phenotypical female with normal levels of testosterone, estrogen, and luteinizing hormone. However, infant has bilateral testes and a normal male internal urogenital tract

5-alpha reductase deficiency

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Phenotypically female but has bilateral testes that are undescended or located in the labia majora. Levels of LH, estrogen and testosterone are HIGH

Complete androgen insensitivity / Testicular feminization syndrome

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Ovaries are present and the external genitalia are virilized or ambiguous

Female pseudohermaphroditism usually due to exposure to androgens early in gestation
(Note: a true hermaphrodite is when a person has testicular and ovarian tissue)

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A band = absolute length of myosin

Does not change in size upon contraction

H and I bands however do get smaller

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Tx for Addison’s disease

Exogenous glucocorticoids (dexamethasone, hydrocortisone) and mineralocorticoids (fludrocortisone to correct electrolyte imbalance)

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Name the drug that acts on the same transporter that the disease affects:

Gitelman syndrome and Bartter syndrome
Gitelman syndrome= HCTZ
Bartters= Furosemide

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Negative or positive skew

Mode>median>Mean

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Increases when left ventricle is underfilled (as in tachycardia or Valsalva maneuver)
Decreases when left ventricle filling is increased (squatting)

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S4 murmur of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM): Increases when? Decreases when?

HCM treatment

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B-blockers like atenolol that reduces myocardial contractility and lower HR increasing ventricular filling and reducing outflow gradient
Or
Non-DHP Ca2+ blockers like verapamil

Call-Exner bodies (fluid filled cavities with a “rosette” appearance

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Granulosa cell tumors (hyperestrogenism)

Class IA ADR

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Prolong QT interval Torsades de pointes

Acyclovir must be activated by what:

Thymidine kinase

Split basement membrane when staining for mutated collagen

Alports disease IF (mutated type IV collagen--> GBM dysfucntion, sensorineural hearing loss, ocular lesions

BEP regimen for testicular cancer

bleomycin, Etoposide, cisplatin | Note: Bleomycin can cause pulmonary fibrosis and hyperpigmentation

Cytarabine (ara-C)

AML Tx

Question describes a girl (really a boy) whose clitoris begins to enlarge at puberty. “Penis-at-12” phenomenon (due to increase in testosterone levels)

5-alpha reductase deficiency

Treatment for pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency

Ketogenic diet (high in fats)

Phenoxybenzamine: non-selective alpha-blocker used in the treatment of

Pheochromocytoma

Sicca Syndrome or Sicca Complex

Describes dryness of exocrine glands, particularly of the eyes and the mouth, in the absence of an autoimmune disease

Sjogren-Larsson (AR)

Congenital ichthyosis (dry and scaly, fishlike skin) Intellectual disability Spastic paraplegia Mutation of fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase gene on chromosome 17p

Mirtazapine

Antidepressive and sedative properties to treat patient’s depression and insomnia

PID triad

Fever, Abdominal pain, vaginal discharge | Note: if Right upper quadrant pain Think Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome

Hepatitis A antibodies

4-week intubation period IgM = diagnostic IgG= elevated indefinitely after exposure (used for previous exposure)

Left supraclavicular lymph node (Virchow’s node)

Metastatic stomach cancer | B/c thoracic duct drains all structures on the left of the thoracic cavity and all structures below the diaphragm

Enfuvirtide

Interferes w/ gp41-mediated fusion of HIV into cells

Multiple injuries, short stature, progressive hearing loss, blue sclera

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Ethics

Ask open ended questions…. then provide empathetic and knowledgeable answers

Most common tumor in women (especially black women)?

Leiomyoma | GnRH agonist and surgical removal = Tx

Aminoglycosides require what?

Oxygen (ex: gentamicin)

In Homocystinuria which amino acid becomes essential

Cysteine lol….(tyrosine becomes essential in PKU) | Note: lens subluxation and kyphosis

Positive nitroprusside cyanide test

Homocystinuria (AR)

IgG against Rh+

Attack on fetal RBCs Hydrops fetalis

Lymph drainage of RIGHT chest, back, arm, neck and head

Right lymphatic duct

Type III familial dyslipidemia

Dysbetalipoproteinemia (altered production of apolipoprotein E) Increased LDL and VLDL and total cholesterol levels

Gram negative reportable infection in all 50 states

Gonorrhea

EBV associations

Mono Oral hairy leukoplakia (HIV) Hodgkin and non-Hodkins (lymphoproliferative disorders in immunocompromised) Note: there is an associated HIV Burkitt and a sporadic

CD5 (+) NHL (t(11;14)) translocation

Mantle Cell: overexpression of cyclin D1 proto-oncogene

3/26/16 Flashcards

(50 cards)