3 for COMPRE Flashcards
3D fingerprint, impression on candle
Semi-visible
Fingerprint through paint
Visible
refers to a computer generated image based on actual description of a witness or a victim.
Computerized Composite Criminal Illustration
is defined as the study and practice of making map
Cartography or cartographic sketch
may also be involved in DNA analysis and bloodstain pattern analysis
Forensic Serologist
is the detection, classification and study of various bodily fluids such as blood, semen, fecal matter and perspiration, and their relationship to a crime scene.
Forensic Serology
is the study and examination of bodily fluids that is used in forensic science as a means of segregating fluids excreted by assailants or attackers in varying criminal acts. These acts can range from physical assault to sexual assault, right through to the act of murder and all of them will have an element of fluid secretion attached to them.
Serology
These tests provide two separate means of producing a result. One is to use compounds that can have an effect on blood when introduced to it. These results are a simple and quick way of proving that samples are actually blood especially if time is of the essence.
Presumptive Testing
Serology
This is a more involved set of tests that are carried out using samples of what is believed to be blood and mixing them with a chemical compound that reacts adversely with haemoglobin, the resultant factor being the production of crystals under the microscope that can be identified as blood.
Confirmatory Tests:
Serology
Biological Evidence Collection Procedure
Materials needed:
- Paper bags
- Permanent markers
- Evidence tape
Personal Protection Equipment
Gloves, mask, eye protector and headgear also body suit.
Crime Scene Evidence Collection Procedure
Seal
Seal maintains the integrity of the specimen; to further prove that no tampering took placed.
•May use commercially available tamper-proof evidence tapes.
•May use scotch or masking tapes, marked, initialed, or signed for tamper proofing.
•Do not use staples
Two type of fingerprint impression
Rolled impression
Plain impression
– is a fused mixture of silica, usually in the form of natural sand and two or more alkaline bases such as soda, lime or potash. It also contains quantities of various other element and metals, present as either as incidental impurities in the basic ingredients, or added to them for color, degree of hardness, heat-resistance and other specific purposes.
Glass
– any object capable of making an impression on another object.
Tools
– any impression, cut, abrasion, or gouge (scratch, scrape, hollow, mark, cut into) left by a tool after coming in contact with an object.
Tool marks
– determines the point of impact, position of the firearm and the probable caliber of the firearm used
Bullet Trajectory Examination
– is a liquid suspension in a solvent carrier into which white or colored pigments and a polymeric resin binder have been combined.
Paint
- is the application of chemical solution on the metal surface where serial numbers is normally located and observing any reaction that may take place.
Acid-Etching
a series of number that is punched or pressed into a particular item to distinguish it from one another of common type.
Serial Numbers –
is a radiation of shorter wavelength than the radiation commonly recognized as visible light. It is sometimes known as “black light” because of its invisibility to the eye.
UV light –
Types of Glass Fracture
•> Radial or primary fracture
> Concentric or secondary fracture
resembles the spoke of a wheel wherein the radiating rod originates at a common point
Radial or primary fracture
the radiating rod is being connected to one another and has a cob-web appearance.
•> Concentric or secondary fracture :
