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ICT 01 > 3. The Online Environment > Flashcards

3. The Online Environment Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

Define the internet

A

a network of computer systems and all the cables and other hardware that are used to
connect them

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2
Q

Define the world wide web:

A

the
collection of web pages
and websites that are
viewed using the internet

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3
Q

How a Web Page is Accessed via a URL

A
  1. User enters a URL (e.g., https://www.pearson.com) into a web browser.
  2. The domain name is extracted from the URL (e.g., pearson.com).
  3. The browser sends a request to a DNS (Domain Name System) server to find the IP address for that domain.
  4. If the DNS server has the IP address:
    It returns it to the browser.
  5. If it doesn’t:
    It forwards the request up the DNS hierarchy, possibly to a top-level (root) DNS server.
    This continues until the domain is found or it’s confirmed as not existing.
  6. If no match is found:
    The browser receives a message saying the web page could not be found.
  7. If a match is found:
    The browser uses the IP address to send a request to the web server where the page is stored.
  8. The web server responds by sending back the web page data to the browser for display.
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4
Q

What unique identifier does each web server have?

A

A unique IP address.

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5
Q

What is a URL

A

uniform resource locator
(URL):

a text-based address for a website

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6
Q

Before accessing a web page, what must the web browser do?

A

Convert the URL into an IP address.

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7
Q

Which server helps in converting a URL to an IP address?

A

A Domain Name System (DNS) server.

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8
Q

Define domain name system
(DNS):

A

a type of server or service that stores a database of domain names and their matching IP addresses

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9
Q

Define Domain name

A

a part of a URL that has the name of the web page:

for example
the domain name for the URL https://www.pearson.com is
pearson.com

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10
Q

What does the web browser extract from the URL to send to a DNS server?

A

The domain name.

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11
Q

What happens if the DNS server finds the domain name in its database?

A

It sends the matching IP address back to the web browser.

if the DNS server cannot find the domain name then It passes the request to the next level DNS server.

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12
Q

What are the features of World Wide web

A
  1. Hypertext information system -
    web pages are written in a language called hypertext markup language (HTML). The hypertext
    information system feature of the world wide web makes it easier for users to navigate around it.
  2. Cross platform
    it is possible to use it on many different types of device, such as computers, laptops,
  3. Distributed
    it is spread across many different pieces of hardware in different locations,
  4. Open standards
    Standards are guidelines that technologies must follow so that they are able to communicate effectively with each other.
    open standard is open to use by everyone
  5. Dynamic
    the content that makes up the web is regularly changed and updated.
  6. Web 2.0
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13
Q

2 types of web pages

A

static web page
dynamic web page

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14
Q

define a static web page

A

a web page in which the content is the same for every user that views it (unless changed by the author)

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15
Q

What language is static web page written in

A

web authoring languages such as HTML, CSS and JavaScript.

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16
Q

benefits of a static web page

A

easy to build.
costs less to create.
can be faster to load
can be easier to cache.

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17
Q

Which web authoring languages are commonly used to create dynamic web pages?

A

PHP, ASP, and AJAX.

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18
Q

What is cache:

A

a type of storage that stores the most frequently requested web pages and data

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19
Q

define dynamic web page

A

a web page where the content is generated every time the page is requested, so it may change and display differently for each user

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20
Q

How can a dynamic web page be personalised for a user?

A

By changing content such as the language based on the user’s location.

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21
Q

Why are dynamic web pages used on websites with many pages?

Study These Flashcards
A

Because they allow content to be easily updated and personalised without manually editing each page.

22
Q

What are the benefits of dynamic web pages?

Study These Flashcards
A

can be personalised to each user, which can improve user experience.

easier to make site-wide updates.

It is more scalable, as the server can create a web page when it is needed. The data is stored in a database, and the server can extract whichever data is needed to make the page.

23
Q

For web pages to be displayed, a practice called scripting needs to be used.

What are the 2 types of scripting

Study These Flashcards
A

client-side scripting
server-side scripting.

24
Q

What is client-side scripting

Study These Flashcards
A

processing for a web page that takes place on the
client’s computer

25
What is server-side scripting.
processing for a web page that takes place on the web server
26
differences between client-side and server-side scripting.
CLIENT SIDE 1. used by static web pages 2. run by the web browser 3. Does not require any interaction with the server 4. Reduces the amount of processing that needs to be done by the server 5. Main scripting language is JavaScript 6. A user can view the source code that is used for client-side scripting SERVER SIDE 1. used by dynamic web pages 2. It is run by the server 3. Requires interaction with the server 4. Increases the amount of processing that needs to be done by the server 5. Main scripting language is PHP 6. A user cannot view the source code that is used for server-side scripting
27
define online working environment
a place where people share resources and communicate with each other about their work, using the internet
28
examples of online working environments are:
Adobe Connect Google Workspace Microsoft SharePoint Workplace from Meta.
29
Advantages of online working environments are:
Greater capacity for remote working Organisations can reduce their costs (reduced electricity costs) Greater ability for collaboration Easier to organise meetings or training
30
disadvantages of online working environments
1. Lack of security remote workers may not have the same robust security measures in place on their home network and computer. 2. Weaker data protection
31
What is a digital footprint
A digital footprint is the record or trail of data you leave behind when you use the internet.
32
Your digital footprint includes:
the websites that you visit information that you read online, such as news articles and blogs emails and messages that you send and receive data that you enter online files that you download your social media posts the ways that you interact with social media, such as liking a post.
33
What are the 2 types of digital footprint
Active digital footprint Passive digital footprint
34
define Active digital footprint
data you share online deliberately
35
define Passive digital footprint
data that is collected about your activity online that you are not aware of
36
Advantages of digital footprint
1. getting targeted adds 2. Building an Online Reputation:(like professional profiles, achievements, or good reviews) 3. Better Opportunities: Colleges, recruiters, and companies often search online for candidates.
37
Disadvantages of digital footprint
Privacy Risks: Personal information can be collected, shared, or even hacked, putting your privacy at risk. Cyberbullying and Harassment: An active online presence can sometimes expose you to unwanted attention, bullying, or harassment. Identity Theft: If enough personal information is available online, criminals can steal your identity for fraud or scams.
38
What is a online community
a place that exists online where people interact with each other by having discussions and sharing resources
39
reasons why a person may join an online community,
1. belonging - to feel connected, can often help people to feel less lonely. 2. shared purpose- 3. increasing knowledge 4. global connection
40
Examples of online community
Facebook Instagram Reddit TikTok Pinterest WeChat
41
ways that online communities have been monetised. monetise: earn moneу from
1. Targeted advertising - those who own the online community platform to allow advertisements to appear within the online community space. 2. Pay-per-click advertising the owner of the online community allows a company to have an advert displayed in the online community space 3. Paid subscriptions 4. Sponsored content
42
security risks for your personal data when it is stored online
The data could be: 1. viewed by any third party ( steal your identity and commit fraud.) 2. hacked by a third party and stolen 3. stored without correct security methods ( lead to a data breach or data loss if it is accessed by an unauthorised person.) 4. obtained from you by dishonest means. phishing.
43
Different security measures to keep data safe
Strong password Biometric device Encryption Firewall Thoroughly checking emails and URLS Privacy settings
44
Characteristics of a strong password
be long (at least eight characters) have a mixture of letters, numbers and symbols have both uppercase and lowercase letters not contain any personal details or recognisable words.
45
biometric features that can be connected to or built into a device are:
a fingerprint scanner a facial recognition scanner an iris recognition scanner voice recognition software.
46
What is a virtual private network (VPN):
a secure connection between devices that uses encryption to send data
47
Define cloud storage
servers that provide data storage that you can access from a remote location using the internet
48
Define cloud computing:
cloud storage and other services such as software applications that are available from a cloud computing organisation
49
benefits of cloud computing services
no need to buy additional software to store data. no requirement to employ technical people to manage any storage hardware. (save money for an organisation) Users can access their data from any device and any location if they can sign in to their account using an internet connection. (convenient for users.) Users do not need to worry about creating a backup of their data Users do not need to worry about updating their software as the software is stored in cloud storage (updated there by the cloud computing organisation.)
50
example of cloud computing
Microsoft365. iCloud.
51
drawbacks of cloud computing services
A fee may need to be paid for cloud computing services. Users have to put their trust in a cloud computing organisation and rely on it to make sure their data is kept safe. If a user cannot get access to an internet connection, or an internet connection fails, they cannot gain access to their software and data.

ICT 01 (6 decks)

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