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AP Biology > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the difference between cellular respiration and fermentation?

A

Fermentation doesn’t use oxygen while cellular respiration does

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2
Q

Loses electrons

A

Oxidation

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3
Q

Gains electrons

A

Reduction

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4
Q

What happens to the energy when compounds lose electrons? Gain?

A

Lose; gain

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5
Q

What electron carrier is hydrogen transferred to first?

A

NAD

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6
Q

An organic molecule that acts as a cofactor

A

Coenzyme

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7
Q

What happens when NAD is reduced?

A

The enzyme delivers 2 electrons and 1 proton to form NADH

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8
Q

Is NAD oxidized or reduced?

A

Oxidized

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9
Q

Does NADH have a higher or lower potential energy?

A

Higher

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10
Q

Is NADH oxidized or reduced?

A

Reduced

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11
Q

Does NAD have a higher or lower potential energy?

A

Lower

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12
Q

Moves electrons down a series of redox reactions that release energy used to make ATP

A

Electron transport chain

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13
Q

Where is electron transport found in eukaryotic cells? Prokaryotic?

A

Mitochondria membrane, cell membrane

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14
Q

What is the final electron acceptor?

A

oxygen

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15
Q

What is the pathway of electrons in cellular respiration?

A

Glucose, NADH, electron transport chain, oxygen

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16
Q

Breaks glucose into 2 molecules of pyruvate

A

Glycolysis

17
Q

Production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reaction of an electron transport chain

A

Oxidative phosphorylation

18
Q

Energy released during a reaction, such as the breakdown of sugar molecules, is used directly to synthesize ATP. Small amount of energy is generated

A

Substrate Level

19
Q

Where is glycolysis taking place?

A

Cytosol

20
Q

Why is oxygen the ultimate electron acceptor?

A

It’s extremely electronegative

21
Q

What are the 2 electron carrier molecules that feed electrons into the electron transport system?

A

NADH, FADH2

22
Q

What must be supplied for aerobic respiration to continue?

A

NAD

23
Q

What are the reactants of cellular respiration?

A

Glucose and oxygen

24
Q

What are the products of cellular respiration?

A

Water, ATP, carbon dioxide

25
Q

Which phases of cellular respiration occur in the mitochondria?

A

Krebs, oxidative phosphorylation, link

26
Q

What phases require oxygen?

A

Oxidative phosphorylation

27
Q

What phase produces carbon dioxide?

A

Krebs, link

28
Q

What phase produces water?

A

Oxidative phosphorylation

29
Q

What phases produce ATP?

A

Krebs, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation

30
Q

How many ATPs are being produced for every glucose undergoing cellular respiration?

A

38

31
Q

What happens to the amount of NAD if only glycolysis was occuring?

A

NAD will run out

32
Q

What does the presence of lactic acid indicate about what process is occuring?

A

Glycolysis

33
Q

What molecules acts as an electron acceptor in glycolysis?

A

NADH

34
Q

Is the pyruvate likely to move across the mitochondrial membrane by diffusion?

A

No because it’s polar

35
Q

How many acetyl-CoA, carbon dioxide, and NADH are produced in the link reaction for each glucose molecule?

A

2

AP Biology (25 decks)

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