306 Movement disorders and immobility (Falls) Flashcards
What is Rhabdomyolysis?
When injured muscles release their proteins and electrolytes into the blood and cause damage all over the body
What is hypostatic pneumonia?
Caused by passive or dependent congestion of the lungs
-Blood is unable to pass readily through the vasculature of the lung, which can lead to a shift in fluid from the circulatory to the pulmonary spaces
What is a subdural haematoma?
A build up of blood on the surface of the brain caused by a burst vein
What is an extradural haematoma?
A build up of blood between the skull and the sura when an artery bursts
-The blood forms a space because the pressure in arteries is so high
What is a TIA?
A transient ischaemic attack
-A mini stroke caused by a disruption to the blood flow in the brain
What is Todd’s paresis?
Temporary paralysis following a seizure
What is a Rockwood score?
A clinical frailty score
-1 is very fit
-9 is terminally ill
What is athetosis?
A continuous stream of slow, flowing, writhing involuntary movements
Is true Parkinson’s assymetrical?
Yes
What are some non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease?
-Loss of facial expression
-Small handwriting
-Gait disturbance
-Constipation
-Urinary retention
-Impotence
-Cognitive impairment
-Sleep disturbance
-Drooling
-Tremor
What are Parkinson’s plus syndromes?
Also known and syndromes of multisystem degeneration
-There is usually no tremor and the symptoms are symmetrical
-Patient’s don’t respond to L-dopa or other Parkinson’s medications
What are some late features of Parkinson’s disease?
-Falls
-Vivid dreams/hallucinations
-Autonomic dysfunction
-Loss of swallowing
-Major functional limitations
What does it mean if someone presents early on with late stages of Parkinson’s?
That they may have a Parkinson’s plus syndrome and not true Parkinson’s
Describe the stages of Parkinson’s disease
Diagnostic (1-3 years)
Maintenance (3-10 years)
Complex (8-15 years)
Palliative (13-30+ years)
