Lecture 4: Basic Genetics Flashcards
1
Q
Understand DNA replication
A
replicate replicate
2
Q
What is the central dogma?
A
DNA –> Messenger RNA –> Polypetide
3
Q
Understand the “one gene - one enzyme” hypothesis and why it doesn’t work.
A
- some proteins are not enzymes
- some proteins are encoded by multiple genes
- some genes encode multiple proteins
4
Q
Understand the “one gene - one polypeptide or RNA with a function”
A
this works and is “an inheritable unit of natural selection” (Richard Dawkins)
5
Q
What is the gene structure of prokaryotic genes?
A
It has stop codon, initiation codon and exons, but no introns
6
Q
What is the gene structure of eukaryotic genes?
A
It has an initiation codon, stop codon, exon and introns
7
Q
Understand RNA splicing
A
DNA –> transcribe –> introns + exons –> introns removed —> mature RNA, exons spliced together
8
Q
Understand Mendal’s 1st law: factors segregate
A
punnet squares, dominant allele
