3.1 Flashcards
(42 cards)
1
Q
what is the role of the police?
A
- to keep the public safe and maintain law and order
2
Q
what is the aim of the police?
A
- to arrest, detain, search and interview suspects
3
Q
what is the funding of the police?
A
- funded by central government and local council tax
- in 2018/19 the total budget was £12.3 billion
- budget has fallen by 19% between 2010-18
4
Q
what is the philosophy of the police?
A
prevent crime and disorder, to use physical force as a last resort, the police are the public and the public are the police
5
Q
what are the working practices of the police?
A
- responding to emergency/non emergency costs, general beat duties.
- specialist teams deal with more specialised area of crime including anti-terrorism, firearm teams, and dog handler teams
- PCSO’s work on the front line dealing with anti-social behaviour
special constables are trained volunteers who provide additional policing support
6
Q
what is the reach of the police?
A
- 43 territorial forces in england and wales
7
Q
what types of criminality do the police deal with?
A
- all types of crime
8
Q
what is the role of the CPS?
A
- decide which cases should be prosecuted, determine the charge in serious and complex cases and advise the police.
9
Q
what are the aims of the CPS?
A
-independently assess the evidence submitted to it by the police and keeps cases under continuous review
-to assist, inform and support victims and prosecution witnesses
10
Q
what is the philosophy of the CPS?
A
- independence and fairness
- honesty and openness
- equality and inclusion
11
Q
what is the funding of the CPS?
A
- funded by the government through taxes
- in 2018 budget was cut by 25%
12
Q
what are the types of criminality for the CPS?
A
deal with a range of offences and criminals
13
Q
what is the reach of the CPS?
A
- a national body throughout England and Wales, with 14 regional area teams prosecuting cases locally
14
Q
what are the decision for the CPS take to prosecute?
A
-the evidential test
-the public interest test
-the threshold test
15
Q
what are the roles of the judiciary?
A
- to interpret and apply the law to cases
16
Q
what are the aims of the judiciary?
A
- to oversee fair trials
- make legal decisions including interpretation of the law
- ensuring its human rights compliant
- explain the procedure and legal issues to the jury
17
Q
what is the philosophy of the judiciary?
A
- judicial independence
- impartiality
- being honest with moral principles
- ensuring equal treatment
18
Q
what is the funding of the judiciary?
A
- funded by the government (senior Salaries Review Board)
- 2018 senior judges - £257,000
- 2018 district judges - £110,000
19
Q
what are the types of criminality and offender for the judiciary?
A
- deal with all types of offences and offenders except for the least serious as they are usually dealt with by magistrates
20
Q
what is the reach of the judiciary?
A
- has a national and local reach
- most senior judges have nationwide jurisdiction
- lower court judges handle local cases
21
Q
what are the role of prisons?
A
- detain offenders and protect the public
22
Q
what are the aims of prisons?
A
- to protect the public from harm
- help people who have been convicted of offences to rehabilitate so they can contribute positively to society
- to hold prisoners securely and implement the sentences and orders of the court
23
Q
what is the philosophy of prisons?
A
- preventing victims by changing the lives of offenders
24
Q
what is the funding for prisons?
A
- mostly funded by the government through taxes but some are privately ran
- in 2015 the budget was £3.4 billion
- the cost of keeping a prisoner in prison 2017/18 was £37,543 a year
25
what are the types of criminality and offenders in prison?
- higher risk offenders who are deemed unsuitable to serve their sentence in the community.
- ranges from murder to theft
26
what is the reach of prisons?
- nationally organised with prisons situated through out the UK
27
what is an example of a prison?
Berwyn Prison - Cat C (lowest secure prison)
- 'digital prison' so officers can spend more time building trust with offenders
- based off of Nelson Mandela's 'principle of normality' - making the prison as close to the outside community to make the tradition more seamless.
- have opportunities; education, behavioural programs, IT, sustainability workshops and sports
28
what is the role of the national probation service?
- to supervise offenders released into the community
29
what are the aims of the probation service?
- to support rehabilitation whilst protecting the public
- work with around 30000 offenders a year
- work with 21 community rehabilitation companies
30
what is the philosophy of the probation service?
- the belief that offenders can change for the better and become responsible members of society.
- a commitment to social justice, social inclusion, equality and diversity
31
what is the funding of the probation service?
- funded by the government
- in 2018 had an overall budget of £4.6 billion shared between prisons and probation
32
what is the types of criminality and offenders in the probation service?
- offenders that are deemed safe enough to serve their sentence in the community
33
what is the reach of the probation service?
notional and local reach
34
what are the aims and objectives of the Prison Reform Trust?
- reduce unnecessary imprisonment + promoting community solutions to crime
- improving treatment and conditions for prisoners and their families
- promoting equality and human rights in the justice system
35
what is the philosophy of the Prison Reform Trust?
- works to create a just, humane and effective penal system
36
what is the funding for the Penal Reform Trust?
- doesnt receive any funding from the government
- entirely dependent on voluntary donations to carry out its work
37
what is the reach of the Penal Reform Trust?
- across the whole of the UK
38
what are the aims and objectives of Nacro?
- provide support and advice about employment, education and accommodation to people with criminal records
- outreach projects to keep young people from offending
39
what is the philosophy of Nacro?
- a social just charity seeking to change lives
- strengthen communities and prevent crime
- to overcome the stereotyped view of the ex prisoner
40
what is the funding of nacro?
- has an income of around £50m a year
- funding comes from public donations, government grants and contracts for providing services for ex-offenders
41
what is the reach of Nacro?
- a national organisation with local activities and projects in around 50 different parts of England and Wales
42
what types of criminality and offenders does Nacro deal with?
- a range of ex-offenders, including those released from prison
- young people at risk of offending and the disadvantaged
