3.1 Electron theory

Question 1

What is contained within an atom?

Answer 1

Protons, neutrons and electrons

Question 2

What charge do protons have?

Answer 2

Postive charge

Question 3

where in the atom is a proton held?

Answer 3

Nucleus

Question 4

What charge does a neutron have?

Answer 4

Neutral

Question 5

where in the atom is a neutron held?

Answer 5

Nucleus

Question 6

What charge does an electron have?

Answer 6

Negative charge

Question 7

where in the atom is an electron held?

Answer 7

Not held within, travels in various orbits

Question 8

What prevents electrons from floating away?

Answer 8

Electronic attraction to the protons within the nucleus

Question 9

What is the charge of a single electron?

Answer 9

-1.602 x 10^-19 C (Coulombs)

Question 10

what is the charge of a single proton?

Answer 10

+1.602 x 10^-19 C

Question 11

What makes the mass of an atom?

Answer 11

Protons and neutrons, electrons have almost no mass.

Question 12

if an atom has more electrons than protons it is…..

Answer 12

negatively charged

Question 13

if an atom has more protons than electrons it is……..

Answer 13

Positively charged

Question 14

if an atom is negatively or positively charged it is known as what?

Answer 14

An ion

Question 15

What is a molecule?

Answer 15

A molecule is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.

Question 16

What is a positive ion?

Answer 16

A positive Ion is an atom that has lost an electron thereby giving the it an overall positive charge

Question 17

What is a negative ion?

Answer 17

A negative Ion is an atom that has gained an electron thereby giving the it an overall negative charge

Question 18

How are Ions created?

Answer 18

Outer electrons can easily be detached from the atom by only a small amount of external energy that is needed to overcome the forces of attraction to the nucleus

Question 19

What is a compound?

Answer 19

When two or more elements are combined chemically, the new substance is called a compound.

Question 20

How are different types of compounds distinguished?

Answer 20

They are distinguished by how the atoms are held together

Question 21

Molecules are held together by…

Answer 21

covalent bonds

Question 22

Ionic compounds are held together by….

Answer 22

ionic bonds

Question 23

How are atoms structured in a conductor?

Answer 23

the atoms are closely packed and form a giant structure with a regular pattern, which is called a crystal lattice and the outer shells overlap

Question 24

What type of material makes for a good conductor?

Answer 24

Metal

Question 25

How many electrons do good conductors have in there outer shell?

Answer 25

good conductors contain atoms having less than four electrons in the outer shell (valence orbit)

Question 26

What is a semi conductor?

Answer 26

Somewhere between that of a good conductor and a good insulator

Question 27

What effects the conductivity of a semiconductor?

Answer 27

The conductivity of a semiconductor can be affected by temperature, doping (adding foreign atoms), or by light

Question 28

Semiconductors are better conductors at lower temperatures, true or false?

Answer 28

False, Semiconductors are better conductors at higher temperatures

Question 29

How many electrons do semiconductors have in there outer shell?

Answer 29

4

Question 30

2 examples of semi conductors are?

Answer 30

Silicon and Germanium

Question 31

What makes an insulator effective?

Answer 31

The lack of any free electrons

Question 32

How many electrons do good insulators have in there outer shell?

Answer 32

More than four electrons in their outer shell

Question 33

2 examples of insulators are?

Answer 33

Mica and Porcelain

Question 34

What is the name for a positively charged ion?

Answer 34

Cation

Question 35

What is the name for a negatively charged ion?

Answer 35

Anion