3.1- Nature of bonding

Question 1

Structure of ionic compounds

Answer 1

• Each ion is electrostatically attracted to ions of the opposite charge in all directions.
• It takes significant energy to overcome these strong electrostatic forces between the ions

Question 2

How do ions form to achieve full outer shells

Answer 2

electrons lost by the metal atom are transferred to the non-metal atom. This transfer allows both atoms to achieve full outer electron shells, resulting in the formation of stable ions.

Question 3

Properties of ionic compounds (4):

Answer 3

• High melting and boiling points- The strong electrostatic attractions between the positive and negative ions in the giant lattice must be overcome for the lattice to break apart; this requires a lot of energy.
• Conduct electricity when molten or in solution- When melted or dissolved, the ions can move freely and carry electric charge through the liquid.
• Do not conduct electricity as solids- In the solid lattice structure, the ions are firmly locked in place and unable to move to carry electric charge.
• Dissolve in water- Water molecules, which are polar, attract the charged ions in the lattice via ion-dipole forces, pulling them away from the lattice and dissolving the structure.

Question 4

What are compound ions

Answer 4

atoms from two or more elements chemically bonded together, resulting in an overall charge

Question 5

What does ionic bonding occur between

Answer 5

• electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions, usually a metal and a non-metal.
• These bonds are very strong and require a lot of energy to overcome