3.1.1.5 devolution Flashcards

Question

what was the turnout of the 2014 referendum

Answer 1

84.5% (16-year olds could vote)

Answer 2

55.3% to 44.7% (no to yes)

Answer 3

Glasgow, Dundee, West Dunbartonshire and North Lanarkshire

Answer 4

-men, the working class and those under 55

Answer 5

-the power to set income tax rates and bands -some additional taxes and duties including air passenger duty -the right to recieve 50% of VAT raised in scotland -control over certain welfare benefits -road signs and speed limits -the franchise for scottish parliament -rail franchises -onshore gas and oil extraction

Answer 6

4 years but this was extended to every 5 years after the wales act 2014

Answer 7

labour-libdem 1999-2003 labour 2003-2007 labour-plaid cymru 2007-2011 labour-lib dem 2016-

Answer 8

-gave primary legislative powers -established the assembly and the welsh government as a permanent feature of the uk constitution. Subject of 2000 and to rename itself the Welsh parliament -reserved powers similar to those of scotland

Answer 9

Enable the assembly to ask for further powers to be transferred from Westminster and allowed to gain primary legislative powers if approved in a referendum. The 2011 referendum resulted in a 64% yes vote.

Answer 10

-Put to place the first tranche of Silk's proposals by devolving control of landfill tax and stamp duty. -Newly devolved matters will include assembly and local government elections cracking row franchising and road speed limits. The Welsh government wanted policy in injustice to be developed ,but the UK government did not agree to it

Answer 11

an adherent of a political position in Northern Ireland who supports constitutional means of achieving improved rights fro catholics and the eventual incorporation of the six counties of northern ireland into the republic of ireland

Answer 12

an adherent of a political position in Northern Ireland who supports the continued union between Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Answer 13

-communal conflict -distinctive party system -security -seperate systems of government

Answer 14

the main political divide in Northern Ireland is between the unionists and nationalists. Unionists tend to identify with the british state and are protestant. Nationalists identify themselves as Irish and tend to be Catholic (just under 50% of the population)

Answer 15

elections are contested between unionist and nationalist parties and the main electoral issue is the constitutional status of Northern Ireland. the main uk parties tend to field candidates in NI.

Answer 16

terrorist campaigns by republican and loyalist paramilitary organisations killed more than 3600 people during the troubles and british soldiers patrolled the streets for several decades. the IRA has adhered to cease fire since 1995 but there are still breakaway republican groups.

Answer 17

Northern Ireland has been governed differently from the rest of the uk. In 1992 and 1972 only part of the UK Parliament. Then under direct rule the secretary of state for northern ireland had significant policy-making powers. Revolution in Northern Ireland as it is designed so that unionists and nationalist parties share power.

Answer 18

It estab lished power-sharing devolution and required the UK and Irish governments to amend their constitutions to clarify the status of NI

Answer 19

a form of devolution in which special arrangements ensure that both communities in a divided society are represented in the executive and assent to legislation on sensitive issues

Answer 20

special procedures in the house of commons fro dealing with legislation that effects only england

Answer 21

England is the only part of the UK not to have a devolved institution. An english parliament would have legislative powers over domestic issues.

Answer 22

-it would complete devolution within the Uk, and resolve the english question, by giving england its own parliament -it would create a more coherent system of devolution, with a federal UK parliament and government responsible for UK-wide issues - rather than, at present, these combined with english issues -it would give political and institutional expression to english identity and interests.

Answer 23

-It would create an additional layer of government and create tensions between the UK governement and an English parliament and government -'devolution all round' would not create a coherent system because england is much bigger than the other nations of the union -there is only limited support in england for english parlaiment

Answer 24

why hsould scottish MPs be able to vote on english matters devolved to the scottish parlaiment

Answer 25

The blair government planned to create directly elected regional assemblies with limited executive functions in the eight english regions outside london. But these plans were dropped when 78% of voters voted no no 2004 referendum on whether there should be an assembly in the north-east England.

Answer 26

-it was British and making close to the people and address the different interests of the English regions -it would create balance devolution settlement within the UK because England is too large to have its own Parliament -It would enhance democracy as regional assemblies will take over the functions of an elected quangos -Areas such as Cornwall, Yorkshire and the north-east have a strong sense of regional identity -Regional assemblies could act as a catalyst for economic and cultural regeneration

Answer 27

-few areas of England have a strong sense of regional identity -it would break Ireland and failed to provide expression of English interests and identity -there will be tensions between regional and local government -regional leaders would be dominated by urban rather than rural interests -there is little public support for creating a regional layer of government in England.

Answer 28

-55 unitary authorites -27 county councils -201 district councils -36 metropolitian borough councils

Answer 29

responsible for a full range of local services

Answer 30

responsible for some local services (education, social services, policing and transport) in the shires

Answer 31

responsible for local services (housing, leisure and refuse collection) in the shires

Answer 32

respinsible for a full range of local services in urban areas

Answer 33

-has strategic responsibilty for economic development, transport, planning and policing. -it consists of a directly elected mayor and a 25-member London assembly -the mayor sets the budget and determines policy for the authority -the main mayoral inititative was the congestion charge, introduced in 2003.

Answer 34

-education -social services -housing -roads and public transport -planning -environmental health -lesuire services

Answer 35

see sovereignty divided between two tiers of government. power is shared between national governement and regional government. regional government is protected by the constitution - it cannot be abolished or reformed significantly against its will

Answer 36

one in which the central government of a unitary state devolves some of its powers to subnational government

Answer 37

-limited parliamentary sovereignty -quasi-federal parliament -joint ministerial committee -supreme court

Answer 38

In legal terms, Westminster remain sovereign because it can overrule or abolish the devolved bodies. In practice however Westminster is no longer sovereign over domestic matters in Scotland Wales and Northern Ireland - it does not have unlimited power. Further constraints Parliamentary sovereignty by station that devolution can be overturned by a referendum

Answer 39

Westminster operates as an English parliament in the sense that it makes domestic law in England but it's federal parliament for Scotland Wales and Northern Ireland because it retains reserve powers on major UK wide matter

Answer 40

UK ministers and their counterparts from the devolved illustrations meet him to consider non-devolved matters which impinge on devolved issues and resolve disputes. The UK is the lead player.

Answer 41

The UK Supreme Court resolves disputes over the competences by determining if the devolved bodies have acted within their power.

Answer 42

The creation of a federal state would provide a coherent constitutional settlement for the UK and its nations, establishing a clearer relationship between the UK government and the governments of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. - Establishing a federal state would resolve some of the anomalies (e.g. the West Lothian Question) that have arisen under the current ad hoc approach to devolution. - Creating an English parliament and government as part of a federal UK would answer the English Question. - The status of the Westminster Parliament would be clarified: it would be a federal parliament dealing with issues such as border control, defence and foreign affairs. - The House of Lords could be reformed, to become a chamber representing the component nations of the UK, or abolished.

Answer 43

Federalism works best in states in which there is not a dominant nation or region (e.g. the USA or Germany) - it is unsuitable for the UK where England makes up four-fifths of the population. - An English parliament would rival the Westminster Parliament, particularly if different parties were in government in England and the UK, and English MPS could still be a majority at Westminster. - Measures to reduce the dominance of England, such as the creation of elected assemblies in the English regions, would be problematic and unpopular. Disputes over funding occur in federal states: creating a federal UK would not automatically resolve difficult issues such as equity of funding and welfare provision. -There is little public appetite for a federal UK, with devolution being the preferred constitutional position for voters in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

Answer 44

England - prescription charges (8.40 in 2016) Scotland - prescription charges abolished in 2011 Wales - prescription charges abolished in 2007 N. Ireland - prescription charges abolished in 2010

Answer 45

England - Tution fees Scotland - no tution fees for scottish students at scottish universties Wales - tution fee grants N. Ireland - lower tution fees for nortern irish universites

Answer 46

-The piecemeal approach to devolution has meant that problems (e.g. the West Lothian Question) have not been addressed effectively. -Insufficient attention has been paid to the purpose and benefits of the Union and Britishness in the post- devolution UK. - The rules of the game on policy coordination and dispute resolution are not clear enough. - Policy divergence has undermined the idea of common welfare rights in the UK. - The NP has become the dominant political party in Scotland and support for Scottish independence has increased. - There is some unease in England about the perceived unfairness of the devolution settlement.

Answer 47

- Devolution has answered Scottish, Welsh and Northern Irish demands for greater autonomy, bringing decision making closer to the people. - Devolution has proceeded relatively smoothly, without major disputes between the UK government and the devolved bodies. - Policy divergence reflects the different interests of the nations of the UK and has allowed initiatives that have been successful in one nation to be copied. - Most people in the UK still feel British to some degree, and devolution is the preferred constitutional position for voters in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. - Devolution has delivered peace and power sharing in Northern Ireland after 30 years of violence and instability.

Answer 48

Federalism farthe wale in which law making power is divided between twetlerf.fréeovernment-thefeter, "The USalke lodered it Westington Doc, and 'he governments of the So states of the USA. The Ukisa untz, state, but since devolution it has taken on quasi-federal features. * The two tiers or government in the USA are protected by the constitution. Their powers are inalienable. One Hier or government cannot abolish the other. The division of powers can only be altered by amendment to the UK Government and Politics for AS/A-level constitution, which requires special procedures. In the UK, Westminster retains parliamentary sovereignty. in practice, parliament has recognised that it no longer has authority over devolved policies. . Porcerse-Servedit0 the us federal government include defence, foreign policy, the Us currency and the US singe market Relatively few powers are reserved exclusively to the states (eg. local taxes), but power is shared betwen the federal and state governments in many areas (e g. criminal and civil law, health and education). Westminster has reserved powers over issues such as defence, foreign policy, the constitution and the UK currency. * There is significant policy divergence between the 50 states of the USA (e.g. on the death penalty and drug law). Devolution has produced limited policy divergence between the nations of the UK. - The US Supreme Court makes binding judgments where disputes arise about the distribution of powers between federal and state governments. The UK Supreme Court pronounces on whether the devolved bodies have acted within their powers, but it cannot strike down legislation.

3.1.1.5 devolution Flashcards

(78 cards)