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Patho > Endocrine Organs/ Hormones > Flashcards

Endocrine Organs/ Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

What are the endocrine organs?

A 
Hypothalamus
Pituitary (ant & post)
Pineal
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Thymus
Adrenals (cortex & medulla)
Pancreas
Gonads (testes & ovaries)
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2
Q

Hypothalamus secretions?

A 
GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone)
GHRH (growth hormone releasing hormone)
TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone)
SS (somatostatin)
CRH (corticotropin releasing hormone)
PIH (prolactin inhibiting hormone)
PRH (prolactin releasing hormone)
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3
Q

Anterior pituitary secretions?

A 
FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)
LH (luteinizing hormone)
TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)
ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)
GH (growth hormone)
PRL (prolactin)
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4
Q

Posterior pituitary secretions?

A

ADH (antidiuretic hormone)

Oxytocin

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5
Q

Pineal gland secretions?

A

Melatonin

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6
Q

Thyroid secretions?

A

T4 (thyroxine)
T3 (triiodothyronine)
Calcitonin

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7
Q

Parathyroid secretions?

A

PTH (parathyroid hormone)

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8
Q

Thymus secretions?

A

Thymosine

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9
Q

Adrenal cortex secretions?

A

3 layers (think): secretes
Glomerulosa (salty): aldosterone (mineralcorticoids)
Fasciculata (sugar): cortisols (glucocorticoids)
Rreticulan (sex): DHEA (weak androgens)

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10
Q

Adrenal medulla secretions?

A

catecholamines: EPI & NOREPI

think adrenaline & noradrenaline

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11
Q

Pancreas secretions?

A

Insulin

Glucagon

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12
Q

Testes secretions?

A

Testosterone

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13
Q

Ovary secretions?

A

Estrogen

Progesterone

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14
Q

GnRH (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Gonadotropin releasing hormone
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Increase LH and FSH secretions from ant pit

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15
Q

GHRH (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Growth hormone releasing hormone
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Increase GH secretions from ant pit

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16
Q

TRH (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Thyrotropin releasing hormone
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Increase TSH secretions from ant pit

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17
Q

SS (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Somatostatin
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Decrease GH and TSH secretions from ant pit

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18
Q

CRH (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Corticotropin releasing hormone
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Increase ACTH secretions from ant pit

19
Q

PIH (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Prolactin inhibiting hormone
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Decrease PRL secretions from ant pit

20
Q

PRH (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Prolactin releasing hormone
Hypothalamus (tropic)
Increase PRL secretions from ant pit

21
Q

FSH (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Follicle stimulating hormone
Ant Pit (tropic)
Increase estrogen secretion (females)
Increase spermatogenesis (males)

22
Q

LH (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Luteinizing hormone
Ant Pit (tropic)
Increase progesterone secretion & oogenesis/ ovulation (females)
Increase testosterone secretion (males)

23
Q

TSH (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Thyroid stimulating hormone
Ant pit (tropic)
Increase growth of thyroid and secretion of T3 & T4

24
Q

ACTH (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Ant Pit (tropic)
Increase growth of adrenal cortex and secretion of hormones

25
Q

GH (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Growth hormone
Ant Pit
Increase growth and fat metabolism
Increase blood sugar

26
Q

PRL (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Prolactin
Ant Pit
Breast development and milk production by mammary glands

27
Q

ADH (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Antidiuretic hormone
Post Pit
Increase water reabsorption at DCT & Collecting duct

28
Q

Oxytocin (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Post Pit
Uterine contraction during childbirth
Milk ejection during lactation

29
Q

Melatonin (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Pineal Gland
Biological clock
Diurnal cycle (day/ night)
Menstrual cycle

30
Q

T4 (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Thyroxine
Thyroid
Precursor to T3

31
Q

T3 (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Triiodothyronine
Thyroid
Regulates cell metabolism and growth

32
Q

Calcitonin (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Thyroid

Decrease blood calcium levels by promoting osteoblastic activity (blood to bone)

33
Q

PTH (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Parathyroid hormone
Parathyroid
Increase blood calcium levels by promoting oseteoclastic activity and release of calcitrol (active vitamin D) from kidneys or increase gut absorption of calcium

34
Q

Thymosin (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Thymus

Development/ maturation of T cells

35
Q

Aldosterone (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Mineralcorticoid
Adrenal Cortex: Glomerulosa layer
Increase sodium reabsorption from DCT & collecting duct,
Increase water retention

36
Q

Cortisol (name, secreted from, does what)

A 
Glucocorticoid
Adrenal Cortex: Fasciculata layer
Stress response that increases fat metabolism
Decrease immune/ inflammation
Increase injury repair
37
Q

DHEA (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Weak androgen
Adrenal Cortex: Reticularis layer
Weak steroidal sex hormones needed for sex development

38
Q

Epi/ Norepi (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Adrenaline/ Noradrenaline
Adrenal Medulla
Prolongs/ enhances sympathetic nervous system response (increase flight or fight)

39
Q

Insulin (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Pancreas

Decrease blood sugar by putting glucose primarily into liver, muscles

40
Q

Glucagon (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Pancreas
Increase blood sugar by releasing glyocgen stores from liver and promoting gluconeogenesis (liver making glucose from non-sugars)

41
Q

Testosterone (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Gonads: Testes

Increase growth and maintenance of male sex organs/ characteristics

42
Q

Estrogen (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Gonads: Ovaries

Increase growth and maintenance of female sex organs/ characteristics

43
Q

Progesterone (name, secreted from, does what)

A

Gonads: Ovaries

Promotes frowth of uterine lining

Patho (17 decks)

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